STAAR Review DAY 5 FORCE, MOTION, AND ENERGY TEKS 8.6C (R), 7.7A (S), 6.8A (S), 6.9C (S) © Hedgehog Learning

Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion #1 – an object will only change speed if acted on by an unbalanced force - Law of Inertia #2 – the acceleration of an object is related to the its mass and the force acting on it F=ma #3 – every action has an equal and opposite reaction © Hedgehog Learning

Which Law of Motion? 2nd Law F=ma 1st Law inertia Identify which law of motion is being represented. A powerful rocket engine producing more force is used on a more massive rocket to produce the same acceleration. 2nd Law F=ma An airbag inflates to help cushion to rapid deceleration of the people inside the car during an accident. 1st Law inertia A moving red billiard ball hits the side bumper on the table and bounces backward at nearly the same speed. 3rd Law action-reaction

Energy Highest Potential Energy Highest Kinetic Energy The energy that results due to an object’s position Kinetic Energy The energy derived from an object’s motion When is kinetic energy converted to potential energy during a roller coaster ride? Highest Potential Energy Highest Kinetic Energy © Hedgehog Learning

Work – the energy needed to move an object over a certain distance This is so much WORK! Work – the energy needed to move an object over a certain distance 5 kg The woman had to pick up a box with a mass of 5 kg and lift it a distance of 2 meters. How much work did she do? Would the amount of work change if she used a ramp to help her? 2 m © Hedgehog Learning

Work – the energy needed to move an object over a certain distance This is so much WORK! Work – the energy needed to move an object over a certain distance Force = mass x acceleration Force = 5 kg x 9.8 m/s2 (gravity) Force = 49 Newtons Work = force x distance Work = 49 N x 2 m Work = 98 Joules A ramp would reduce the required force, but the distance would increase. The amount of work would not change. 5 kg 2 m © Hedgehog Learning

Energy Conversions © Hedgehog Learning Name the energy conversions in each of the pictures to the right using the following terms: Solar Energy Mechanical Energy Sound Energy Chemical Energy Electrical Energy Light Energy solar to electrical electrical to light wind to electrical chemical to electrical electrical to sound

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