Asian ladybugs (Harmonia axyridis): A new seasonal indoor allergen

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Asian ladybugs (Harmonia axyridis): A new seasonal indoor allergen Takuya Nakazawa, MD, PhD, Shama M. Satinover, MS, Lisa Naccara, BA, Lucy Goddard, RN, Bojan P. Dragulev, PhD, Edward Peters, MD, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, MD, PhD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 119, Issue 2, Pages 421-427 (February 2007) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633 Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Outline of extraction, purification, protein characterization, and serum IgE antibody detection. BBS, Borate buffered saline. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Identification of 4 fractions from ALB extract. Protein concentrations were determined for 5-mL aliquots eluted from a gel chromatography column. Using these concentrations, we defined 4 fractions (Fig 2, A). The 4 fractions and crude extract were run on an SDS-PAGE gel to identify proteins (Fig 2, B). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Serum IgE antibody titers to the 4 isolated fractions. A, Eight patients with symptoms and an exposure history to ALB. B, Five control sera show detectable IgE antibody levels to fractions I and II, indicating nonspecific activating activity by a protein in these fractions. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Characterization of Har a 1 and Har a 2, two new ALB allergens. A, SDS-PAGE analysis of 3 purified proteins: 10-kd Har a 1, 55-kd Har a 2, and a 40-kd protein. The 40-kd protein showed no binding to IgE antibody. B and C, Anti–Har a 1 (B) and anti–Har a 2 (C) IgE antibody was measured in sera from 20 patients. The dotted line indicates the limit of detection. D, N-terminal sequence of Har a 1. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Partial sequence data on the 55-kd allergen Har a 2. The Har a 2 sequences (bottom) were aligned to an aldehyde dehydrogenase from the red flour beetle (top), accession #XP_969405. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 6 Evidence of cross-reactivity between antiladybug (using a mixture of fractions I, III, and IV) IgE and anticockroach IgE in the ER study sera. A strong correlation was observed in patients with asthma living within the city of Charlottesville, Va (A), but not for patients with allergy living in rural areas with ALB-infested homes (B). Preincubation of sera with B germanica extract showed extensive inhibition of ALB IgE antibody binding with ER sera, but not with ALB sera (C). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2007 119, 421-427DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.633) Copyright © 2007 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions