Community Interactions EQ: What are the different types of relationships among organisms?
Habitat – where an organism lives Niche – an organism’s specific role in its environment Ex. Place in food web
Types of Community Interactions Competition Predation Symbiosis Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
Competition Occurs when members of the same or different species compete for the same resource (Food, water, shelter, space, mates)
Predation An interaction when one organism captures & feeds on another (Predator/Prey)
Symbiosis Any relationship where 2 sp. Live closely together Types of Symbiosis: Mutualism Commensalism Parasitism
Commensalisms Mutualism Parasitism
Mutualism Both sp. Benefit EX: Flowers & Insects Gobi + shrimp
One sp. Benefits, and the other is unaffected EX: barnacles on a whale Commensalism One sp. Benefits, and the other is unaffected EX: barnacles on a whale
Parasitism One organism lives on or inside another and harms it EX: Fleas on pets, tape worm
Ecological Succession Ecosystems are constantly changing in response to natural and human disturbances
As an ecosystem changes, older inhabitants gradually die out and new organisms move in, causing further changes in the ecosystem
Primary Succession Occurs on surfaces where no soil exists such as after volcanic eruptions, or on bare rock when glaciers melt. The first species to populate the area are called pioneer species such as lichen
Secondary Succession Occurs after a disturbance changes the existing community without destroying the soil.
Occurs when land cleared and plowed for farming is abandoned
Occurs when there are wildfires that burn woodlands