Terms To Know 1.Human Geography – examines human life and effects of human activity. 2. Physical Geography – study of landforms (mountains, islands, etc.), climate, water, location, and mineral resources. 3. Political Geography – studies regions and other groupings of people including tribes, ethnic groups, religious groups, and nation states. 4. Migration – examines the movement of humans from one area to another and what influenced the movement 5. Trade – movement of goods and services from place to place to meet human needs

The Five Themes of Geography Location Place Region Movement Human and Environment Interaction

Rivers Important avenue for transportation, commerce, and cultural diffusion. important for getting water to crops (irrigation). Can be destructive (floods)

The Nile River The longest river in the world located in Egypt. It’s annual floods help farmers and led to the rise of one of the earliest civilizations. Parts of the Nile are also dangerous because of crocodiles and waterfalls.

Mountains Mountain ranges can protect civilizations from invasion due to their height and difficulty to cross. Mountains can also isolate people. Ex. Himalayas – separate India from the rest of Asia

Deserts Large areas of sand. Deserts are dry (arid) and hot. It is very difficult to grow crops and vegetation is limited.. Ex. Sahara Desert in Africa – largest in the world. It is the size of the continental United States!!

Plateau A large area of high land that usually is covered by plains and flat terrain. Ex. Deccan Plateau in India

Plains An extensive, level, usually treeless area of land. Ex) Savannas in Sub-Saharan Africa

Sea A relatively large area of salt water completely or partially enclosed by land. Ex. Mediterranean Sea - major artery of trade, transportation, and cultural diffusion.

Peninsula Land surrounded by water on three sides Ex. Korea

Regions of the World - unified by physical or human characteristics such as language, culture, economic activity, or a political system.

Know the difference! LATITUDE Lines on a map or globe running east and west LONGITUDE Lines on a map or globe running north and south

The Equator The equator is located at 0 degrees latitude. divides the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.

Prime Meridian The lines of longitude divide the earth into Eastern and Western hemispheres.