Homework: Homework Packet 5 Warm up: What is the function of DNA? Flush: Do you prefer dogs or cats? Why? Homework: Homework Packet 5

Agenda Transcription ‘Expert Groups’ Transcription notes Diagram of transcription Exit Ticket

Transcription Explore You will read and annotate the text focusing on only ONE topic for your group Topics to Assign 1. RNA vs. DNA Structure 2. Definition and Location of Transcription 3. Examples of mutations that occur 4. Importance of Transcription * (leave this out for groups of 3)

Protein Synthesis Overview Making proteins! Two steps Transcription Translation Today we will focus on transcription Transcription is taking DNA and making mRNA

Transcription Taking a piece of DNA and making messenger RNA (mRNA) The first step of protein synthesis How DNA turns its code into a protein

Location of Transcription In eukaryotes: transcription occurs in the nucleus Nucleus protects DNA mRNA acts as messenger that leaves the nucleus so DNA can stay safe In prokaryotes: occurs in the cytosol since prokaryotic cells do NOT have a nucleus

DNA vs. RNA Structure DNA: RNA: Double stranded Contains adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine Has a deoxyribose sugar RNA: Single stranded Contains adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine Has a ribose sugar

Base Pairing in Transcription Base pairing is also important in transcription Base pairing allows a molecule of mRNA To be made from DNA Similar rules G-C A-U T-A RNA polymerase is the enzyme that helps form DNA-RNA base pairs

Transcription https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gG7uCskUOrA RNA Polymerase is an enzyme (so a protein) that plays down new RNA nucleotides to create the mRNA strand

DNA Mutations Point Mutation (Substitution) One base pair is substituted for another in the DNA Sequence Frameshift Mutation (insertion/deletion) Base pairs are added or deleted to the DNA sequence *If the DNA sequence changes, the RNA sequence will also change!

Transcription and Mutations Practice

Transcription Diagrams

Transcription Diagram Using your notes, draw an illustration or picture of transcription in a eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell. Include: Both types of cells (one with nucleus, one without) Structure of DNA vs. RNA Base pairing occurring Function of RNA polymerase Show an example of one mutation Color and be creative. This will help you remember the details in your notes. To get FULL CREDIT you must show a picture and give a written explanation for the 5 items above

Exit Ticket 1. Compare and contrast the location of transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes 2. Draw a picture that shows the difference between the structure of DNA and RNA 3. Create a DNA strand and show the RNA strand that would be made during transcription 4. Explain one example of a mutation that can occur