Class Plan Chapter One: Chapter Two: Chapter Three: Chapter Four: Chapter Five: Chapter Six: Know Your Boat Before You Get Underway Operating Your Boat Safely The Legal Requirements of Boating Boating Emergencies Enjoying Water Sports

Chapter One Know Your Boat

Key Topics Parts of a Boat Types of Boat Hulls Length of a Vessel Types of Engines Personal Watercraft (PWC) Sailboats

Objectives You should … be able to identify the basic parts of a boat, a PWC, and a sailboat. be able to identify the different types of hulls and their performance characteristics. be able to identify the different kinds of engines commonly found in recreational vessels and their uses.

The Many Parts of a Boat red and green sidelights bow port all-round white light hull gunwale stern starboard cleat propeller

The Many Parts of a Boat (cont.) Transom: Vertical surface at the back of the hull

Types of Boat Hulls Displacement hulls are designed to cut through water with very little propulsion. Planing hulls rise up and glide on top of the water when enough power is supplied.

Types of Boat Hulls (cont.) How Planing Hulls Operate Displacement Mode A planing hull, when operated at very slow speeds, will cut through water like a displacement hull.

Types of Boat Hulls (cont.) Plowing Mode As speed increases, planing hull will have raised bow, reducing operator’s vision and throwing very large wake.

Types of Boat Hulls (cont.) Planing Mode Boat is in planing mode when enough power is applied so that hull glides on top of the water.

Types of Boat Hulls (cont.) There are four basic hull shapes: Hull Shapes Advantages Disadvantages Flat Bottom Hull Planing hull with shallow draft—good for fishing in small lakes and rivers Rides roughly in choppy waters Deep Vee Hull Planing hull gives smoother ride in rough water Takes more power to move than a flat bottom hull—may roll or bank in sharp turns

Types of Boat Hulls (cont.) Hull Shapes Advantages Disadvantages Round Bottom Hull Typical displacement hull that moves easily through water even at slow speeds Has a tendency to roll unless it has a deep keel or stabilizers Multi-Hull Another displacement hull—has greater stability because of wide beam Needs large area when turning

Length of a Vessel A vessel’s length dictates equipment necessary to comply with federal and state laws.

Length of a Vessel (cont.) Some states have laws that refer to vessel lengths as “classes.” (The USCG no longer uses these designations). Less than 16 feet (Class A) 16 feet to less than 26 feet (Class 1) 26 feet to less than 40 feet (Class 2) 40 feet to less than 65 feet (Class 3)

Engine Types—Outboards Portable, self-contained unit consisting of an engine, gear case, and propeller that is attached to the transom. May be four-stroke design, or conventional two-stroke engine. Steering controlled by tiller or steering wheel. Have more power per pound of weight than an inboard engine.

Engine Types—Inboards Mounted inside hull’s midsection or in front of transom Four-stroke automotive engine adapted for marine use Two-stroke engine on PWCs Steering is controlled by rudder behind the propeller (except PWCs and jet drive boats)

Engine Types—Stern Drives Known as inboard/outboards (I/O). Quieter and more fuel-efficient engines. Mounted inside vessel and attached through transom to drive unit Four-cycle automotive engines adapted for marine use Steering controlled by the outdrive, which swivels like an outboard engine to direct propeller thrust

Engine Types—Jet Drives Jet drives propel vessel by jet of water forced out back of vessel. Directing jet steers vessel. PWCs are the most common type of vessels that use a jet drive.

Engine Types—Jet Drives (cont.) May power larger vessels (jet boats). Commonly used for vessels designed for shallow water. Jet boats can have inboard or outboard jet drives.

Personal Watercraft (PWC) PWCs are small vessels that use an inboard jet drive as primary source of propulsion. The U.S. Coast Guard includes PWCs in the group of inboard vessels less than 16 feet in length. PWCs are subject to same laws and requirements of any other vessel plus some specific to PWCs.

Personal Watercraft (cont.) steering control safety lanyard starboard port

Personal Watercraft (cont.) bow stern steering nozzle draft impeller jet pump intake grate drive shaft

Sailboats Hull Rigging Keel or centerboard Rudder mast Sailboats basically consist of four components: headsail (jib) mainsail Hull Rigging Keel or centerboard Rudder boom hull keel rudder