Body Cuts, Planes, Cavities, and Membranes

What is Anatomy? Literally means to cut apart The study of internal and external structures of plants and animals

Two Types of Anatomy Microscopic Anatomy Macroscopic Anatomy aka Gross Anatomy

Would the following items fall under Microscopic or Macroscopic Anatomy? Stomach Bacteria Red Blood Cell Lungs Femur Cardiac Muscle Tissue Ear

What is Physiology? The study of how body parts function

How does anatomy relate to physiology?

Structure (anatomy) determines function (physiology) If the structure is not right, the function can’t be right either. Abnormal structure and function = disease Example: Sickle Cell

Body Positions

Anatomical Position

Supine Position

Prone Position

Fowler’s Position

Body Cavities - Dorsal = Vertebral + Cranial - Ventral = Thoracic + Abdominal + Pelvic - Thoracic = Superior Mediastinum + Pleural + Pericardial

Body Planes

Body Membranes Thin, sheet-like structure Functions in one of the following: Covers and protects the body Lines body cavities Covers the internal surfaces of hollow organs

Epithelial Membranes Cutaneous Membrane – covers body surfaces exposed to external environment Ex: Skin Serous Membranes – lines cavities that are not open to the external environment Ex: Pleura Mucous Membranes – lines body surfaces that open directly to the exterior Ex: Digestive system

Connective Membranes Synovial Membrane – lines joint cavities and helps cushion joints