Guided Reading 13-3

Bantu 3000 BC fishing groups along Benue river moved south and west Called themselves Bantu- the people By A.D. 400 Bantu had settled most of Africa TQ spread skills like pottery making, mining, and iron working Bantu migration explains why people across Africa share some common ideas and traditions.

Families Formed the basis of African society Lived with several generations Matrilineal- traced descent through mothers, not fathers Women who married joined their husband’s families Children valued

Education E Carried out by family and other villagers Learned history and skills needed as adults Griots, storytellers passed down oral histories and lessons about living

Women Mostly wives and mothers Served as soldiers in some kingdoms Queen Dahia al-Kahina led fight against Muslim invasion Queen Nzinga battled Portuguese slave traders

Slavery Bantu chiefs raided nearby villages for captives who became laborers or were freed for a payment Criminals or enemies taken in war Trade in humans grew as trade with Muslim merchants increased Quran forbade enslavement of Muslims

Slavery Europeans arrived opening a new market Africans armed with European guns raided villages for captives to sell Portuguese were first to trade First most stayed in Portugal Changed when Portuguese explorers settled New World Sent to work on sugar plantations Others sent to harvest cotton, rice, grapes, tobacco

Culture Africans carried to other places known as African Diaspora- what other culture is this term associated with? Art Cave paintings earliest form Woodcarving – masks and statues used to celebrate religious beliefs Always had some religious meaning

African Cave Painting

Culture Music and Dance Music in all parts of life Religious feelings and getting through tedious, or arduous tasks. Call and response Drums, whistles, horns, flutes, banjos Dance allowed spirits to express themselves. Celebrated important events: birth, death

Storytelling Kept storytelling and oral history alive during Diaspora and enslavement Escaped slaves able to share stories Retold tales taught in African homeland Small animals turtles and rabbits outsmarted larger ones