Introduction to Human Systems Unit 3

Milton’s Growth If you were born in Milton stand at the front of the classroom If you weren’t born in Milton stand at the back

Milton’s Growth In 2001, Milton’s population was barely 30,000. The last census (2011) determined Milton’s population was 84,362 In December 2012, the Town of Milton announced that their population reached 100,000 Milton is the fastest growing community in Canada with a growth rate of 56.5%

Human Geography the study of the interaction between human beings and their environment in particular places and across spatial areas. These interactions are referred to as “Human Systems”

Four elements of Human Systems Demographic Systems – population, statistics, census, patterns, graphs Migration Systems – immigration, emigration, push and pull factors Settlement Patterns – Where people live in Canada Land Use Patterns – Where people live in the community and how people use land

Population Canada’s Population : 35,540,400 (July 2014) 2,000 years ago the world’s population was 300 million, today the population has reached OVER 7,093,000,000 Ontario’s Population: 13,678,740 (July 2014) 38% of Canada’s Population lives in Ontario

Population One birth every one minute and thirty seconds In Canada, there is: One birth every one minute and thirty seconds One death every one minute and fifty-four seconds A net migration gain of one person every two minutes and one second (2012, rate has increased by 0.01 since). This Means Canada's population is growing by one unit every minute and 21 seconds

Did you know? The state of California has a population of 38.33 million. That is more than Canada’s whole population!

World’s Largest Population

Where’s Canada? Canada is ranked 37th in the world based on Population despite being the second largest country in the world.

Population control policies used by the Most Populated countries China is home to almost 1.4 billion people. With a global population of over 7 billion, that’s one out of every five people on the planet. To control the population the government developed a “One Child Policy” India is currently the world’s second most populous country but by 2040, India is expected to become the world’s most populous country. The government is trying to instill an “Education Policy” to encourage the use of birth control strategies. So far it has been more effective in the south of the country than the north. Indonesia – “2 is enough campaign,” government encouragement for families to have few children. Since it’s implementation 30 years ago the fertility rate has dropped from 5.91 to 2.78.

Population Definitions Demography - the study of human populations, including distribution, trends and issues. This is used in determining the human geography of Canada and other countries. Demographers - people who study our population Brainstorm: why do we need demographers?

Why we need demographers Government needs to know… how many people live in Canada where people live in Canada and why Population trends and changes Population issues Health care issues Education trends Job/Employment trends Businesses and Industries Social Services needed Agriculture

Where do demographers get their information? Statistics Canada is the government agency that is responsible for collecting information about Canada’s population and all aspects of Canadian life Every 5 years Canada takes, what is called a Census A census is an official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals Each family completes a questionnaire and then it is tabulated and analyzed. The census then provides a detailed collection of facts about people in Canada.

Population Definition Migration - to go from one country, region, or place to another. As shown earlier, people moved from other cities to Milton. This is an example of migration Immigration - to move permanently into a country other than one’s native country. Emigration - to leave your country of origin (birth) to live permanently in another country Ex. Emigrating from Ireland to come to Canada, therefore, you are immigrating into Canada. Net Migration-  is the difference of immigrants and emigrants of an area in a period of time

Settlement Patterns https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8myUp2We2Lw&index=1&list=PLVeXbgaZS8gePtIoNpXesgbImhOS QGdjH

Population Definitions Continued Birth rate - number of births per 1000 people in the population Death Rate - number of deaths per 1000 people in the population.

World Births and Deaths https://92f9e7be6484d407e55a143e88b6c707cbafb1de.googledrive.com/host/0B2GQktu- wcTicEI5VUZaYnM1emM/

How to Calculate Growth Formula: Can be used for each day or for a longer period of time Births – deaths + immigrants – emigrants = change in Canada’s population Once these calculations are done it can be turned into a rate of growth when comparing it to a previous period of time.

How to Calculate Growth Per Day Example Births per day = 895 Deaths per day = 651 Immigrants = 649 Emigrants = 99 Calculate: Formula Births – deaths + immigrants – emigrants = change in Canada’s population 895 births – 651 deaths + 649 immigrants – 99 emigrants = 695 new people

Why is Canada’s Population Increasing? Natural Increase – more births than deaths Net migration – more people moving into Canada each day then leaving Canada https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1dIAtvSFLM

Declining Population It is possible for a country to have a negative growth rate. This means the population is decreasing. This indicates that more people are dying than being born and/or more people are leaving than entering the country For Example: Japan Result of population control campaign New Pro-family campaign --- Why do you think it’s failing?

Brainstorm- What are some reasons for a declining population?

Potential Reasons for population decline Disease War Natural Disasters Violence Birth Control Poor health care bad economy lack of resources – medicine, water, food Politics famine/ drought More people leaving the country than entering More deaths occurring than births

Population Growth Problems Overcrowding Pollution Global Warming Ozone hole Poverty War Lack of land Shortages of resources Species becoming extinct https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dD-yN2G5BY0

Homework Brainstorm: Make a pro and con list regarding having a Growing Populations and another list for having a declining population. At least 5 points per category

Increasing Population - Advantages more doctors, nurses more jobs more development – housing, technology more consumerism and more money more teachers, more schools, more education Better education system more food (maybe) more attractions, more entertainment

Increasing Population – Disadvantages more housing – takes away farmland and forestry more pollution , more roads less jobs for Canadians road congestion less resources – water, food increase in food and food prices poverty strain in health care overpopulated cities raises taxes more crime

Decreasing Population - Advantages Less demand for land (cheaper housing prices) Less pollution Less road congestion Increased sustainability of resources Fewer overpopulated cities More living space Less job competition More manageable population

Decreasing Population - Disadvantages fewer doctors, nurses Less specialized job market less development – housing, technology less consumerism and less money Less education Better education system more food (maybe) fewer attractions, less entertainment Vulnerable population – age, other countries’ perception Less Public Transportation Raise in taxes

If you were the Prime Minister of Canada, would you rather have an increasing population or a decreasing population? Why?

How do demographers play an important role the Canadian Government?