<month year> IEEE P802.15-09-xxxx-00-004g July 2009 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Narrow Band Frequency Hopping PHY Proposal for 802.15.4g] Date Submitted: [July 2009] Source (in no particular order): [Michael Schmidt, Dietmar Eggert] Company [Atmel] [Jeritt Kent] Company [Analog Devices] [Cristina Seibert, George Flammer] Company [Silver Spring Networks] Address [] Voice [] E-Mail: [cseibert @ silverspringnet.com] Re: [] Abstract: Detailed Proposal for a Narrow Band Frequency Hopping PHY for 802.15.4g Purpose: Technical Proposal Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15. Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks <author>, <company>

Overview of NBFH PHY Proposal <month year> IEEE P802.15-09-xxxx-00-004g July 2009 Overview of NBFH PHY Proposal SUN Characteristics PHY Proposal Highlights Normative PHY Specification MAC Support Conclusions Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks <author>, <company>

Key Characteristics of SUN July 2009 Key Characteristics of SUN Low data rate: over the air data rates of 40 kbps up to 1 Mbps Robust, proven techniques critical Spectral efficiency desirable but not critical Dynamic scaling to very large aggregate networks Networks with millions of arbitrarily co-located nodes Requirement for cost effective deployments Interference mitigation capability Peer to Peer, minimal infrastructure-dependent operation PHY techniques suitable for packet forwarding and with minimal added interference Enhanced IP support (> 1500 octet payload) Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

PHY Proposal Highlights July 2009 PHY Proposal Highlights Parameter NBFH-PHY Operating band sub- GHz (e.g. 902 MHz), 2.4GHz Channel BW < 250 kHz @ 20 dB down from peak, others optional Channel spacing 300 kHz, others optional Modulation MFSK required, GMSK,GFSK optional FEC Not required (optional) Frequency Hopping MAC controlled PHY frame structure: MAX payload 2047 octets SHR At least 32 bits preamble + 16 bit SFD CRC CRC-32 Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

PHY Proposal Highlights (Cont’d) July 2009 Parameter NBFH-PHY Data Whitening 8-bit LFSR, variable seed Data rate(s) 100 kbps, others optional Symbol / chip rate 100 ksps, others optional Transmit Power As allowed by regulatory regimes PSD TX Power Control Yes Chan availability, blacklisting MAC or higher layer defined Link Quality RSSI Reliability enhancing features/methods Hopping, CRC-32, scrambling Co-existence features Channel diversity, LDC, TPC Co-located network support Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

Benefit of Channel Diversity July 2009 Benefit of Channel Diversity Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

NBFH with FSK Modulation <month year> IEEE P802.15-09-xxxx-00-004g July 2009 NBFH with FSK Modulation Advantages: Many channels => good interference mitigation Constant envelope signal => inexpensive and low power PAs, receive/transmit chains Does not rely on high precision clocks and sharp filters => low cost Low to moderate SUN data rates => long symbol time => low ISI, low processing requirements Proven actual deployments on the scale of millions of units SSN, Coronis/France Telecom, Elster, CellNet/Hunt, GE, Eka Disadvantages Spectrally less efficient than other techniques Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks <author>, <company>

Parameter Details Narrow band channels July 2009 Parameter Details Narrow band channels Good channel diversity while also supportive of PAR rates Ability to use maximum transmit power as may be allowed by regulations (for example under US FCC part 15.247, the criteria for 1W FHSS), and adjust transmit power to fit the local regulations Robust performance in the presence of multiple interference sources Various channel spacings may be useful, and can be accommodated via method described in 15-09-0453 Support for efficient frequency hopping Primarily band agnostic and seamless inter-band hopping Support for channel “black-listing” and “white-listing”, whereby access to specific channels can be restricted or encouraged Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

Parameter Details (Cont’d) July 2009 Parameter Details (Cont’d) Data “whitening” (scrambling) Whitens payload data (PSDU/MPDU) to avoid long series of 1’s and 0’s. 8-bit scrambler (255 bit sequence), taps at bits [8,4,3,2] Scrambler re-seeded periodically for added reliability A nominal data rate of 100 kbps consistent with the PAR, others optional TPC for adapting to regulator domain and to support adaptation to observed link conditions Monotonic RSSI Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

PHY Frame (PPDU) Support for 2047 octet payload (802.1 MTU) July 2009 PHY Frame (PPDU) Support for 2047 octet payload (802.1 MTU) IEEE CRC-32 on PHY frame Extension bit for “future proofing” Flexible preamble, further investigation pending Octets: tbd 2 1 variable 4 Bits: tbd 16 8 11 32 Preamble SFD Scrambler Seed R F U E X T Length (PSDU) CRC-32 SHR PHR PHY Payload FCS Structure of PPDU Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

PIB table July 2009 Attribute Ident-tifier Type Range Description phyNBFHPreambleLength Int 2 - aMaxNBPreambleLen Number of octets of preamble; Default = 7. phyNBFHPreambleValue Octet 0-0xff Bit pattern for preamble. Default = 0xAA (alternating 1/0s) phyNBFHSFDValue 16Bits 0x0000-0xffff NB PHY start of frame delimiter. Default value = 0xf3a0 phyNBFHTransmitPower 1 to phyNBFHNumPowerLevels The desired power level phyNBFHNumPowerLevels 1-255 The number of power levels supported. This is a read-only field, readable through a PLME-GET.request. phyNBFHOutputPower Array phyNBFHNumPowerLevels of floating point numbers For each power level, it stores the transmit power output value in units of dBm. This is a read-only field, readable through a PLME-GET.request. Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

PIB Table (Cont’d) July 2009 Attribute Ident-tifier Type Range Description phyMaxChanSeqSize† Int 85 channels if phyCurrentPage = 8 (902 MHz band NBFH) and 261 channels if phyCurrentPage = 9 (2.4 GHz NBFH) phyCurrentChannel < phyMaxChanSeqSize The RF channel to use for all following transmissions and receptions (see 6.1.2). phyChannelsSupported† Array An R x 512 bit array, where R ranges from 1 to 32 Bitmap of supported channels. phyCurrentPage Page 8 for band 902 MHz NBFH, Page 9 for band 2.4 GHz NBFH Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

July 2009 Data Transfer Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

July 2009 Data whitening Whitens payload data (PSDU/MPDU) to avoid long series of 1’s and 0’s. 8-bit scrambler (255 bit sequence) taps at bits [8,4,3,2] Ability to reset the scrambling seed across packets and retransmissions Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

A PHY Parameter Set Parameters Value Notes July 2009 A PHY Parameter Set Parameters Value Notes Minimum receiver sensitivity -90 dBm PER 10-2 for 1500 octet payload Adjacent channel separation 300 KHz Alternate channel separation 600 KHz Adjacent channel rejection 10 dB Measured at sensitivity + 3dB against a modulated signal with balanced 1’s and 0’s Alternate channel rejection 30 dB Nominal modulation index 0.5 Modulation index range + 20% To support + 5KHz Nominal data rate 100 kb/s Frequency and time tolerance/stability + 10 ppm Locked clocks TX amplifier rise time < 100 us Channel switch time < 500 us Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

Free Running Clock (FRC) July 2009 Free Running Clock (FRC) It is required that a free running clock be available, accessible by both the PHY and MAC and used to time stamp packet receptions and schedule packet transmissions. The PHY captures the time of PPDU arrival upon receipt. A snapshot of the FRC is taken at the receipt of the last bit of the scrambler seed. If available, the FRC value captured will be reported with the PSDU in the PD_DATA.indication. The FRC may also be used by the MAC layer for scheduling packet transmissions to occur at a specific FRC value. Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

General Radio Specification July 2009 General Radio Specification The TX-to-RX turnaround time refers to the shortest time possible at the air interface from the trailing edge of the last symbol of a transmitted PPDU to the leading edge of the first symbol of the next received PPDU. The RX-to-TX turnaround time refers to the shortest time possible at the air interface from the trailing edge of the last symbol of the received PPDU to the leading edge of the first symbol of the next transmitted PPDU. The RX-to-TX turnaround time shall be less than or equal to 1 ms and shall be greater than or equal to the TX-to-RX turnaround time. Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

July 2009 MAC Support MAC controls frequency hopping and programs PHY accordingly. In the proposed design, nodes can communicate by knowing: The receiver frequency hopping sequence and Relative time at that receiver MAC also responsible for enforcing regulatory requirements for channel occupancy Reliability support Packet acknowledgment Packet retransmission Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks

Conclusions Proposal consistent with scope of approved SUN PAR July 2009 Conclusions Proposal consistent with scope of approved SUN PAR Support millions of users at low data rates Robust and available Low cost and ubiquitous Operation in unlicensed spectrum Applications supported by this proposal are consistent with those proposed by utilities and manufacturers during PAR approval process and in tutorials Some references: 15-08-0199-00-wng0-the-smart-grid.ppt 15-08-0455-00-0000-utility-view-of-nan-drivers-and-requirements.pdf 15-08-0639-02-0nan-strawman-5c-input-for-wnan.doc Atmel, ADI, Silver Spring Networks