Yorkville High School 2014 World Geography and Cultures Ch. 2 The Physical World Kilauea in Hawaii Yorkville High School 2014 World Geography and Cultures

The Planet Earth

2.1: Planet Earth Objective: Describe what makes the Earth suitable for plant and animal life.

Our Solar System The planets = our neighbors in space At least 8 exist Earth 3rd from the sun 93 million miles from the sun

Our Solar System Asteroids: Comets Meteoroids Small irregularly shaped objects Comets Made of icy dust particles and frozen gasses with tails Meteoroids Pieces of space debris Chunks of rock and iron

Earth Earth - Not a perfect sphere Hydrosphere – 70% H20 Lithosphere – 30% land Atmosphere – the air we breathe 78% nitrogen, 21% Oxygen Biosphere – Animals, plants, people

Break for Sphere Gallery Walk

Earth: Landforms 7 Continents Continental Shelf North America, South America, Africa, Antarctica, Europe, Asia, Australia. Continental Shelf Part of the continent that extends under water

Earth: Heights and Depths Highest point: Mt. Everest – South Asia at 29,035 ft. above sea level Lowest point: Shore of the dead sea – SW Asia at 1,349 ft. below sea level Deepest Depression (under water): Mariana Trench (under sea) – SW Guam at 35,827 ft. deep

2.2 Forces of Change Objective: Explain how internal and external forces have shaped Earth’s surface.

Plate Movement Pangaea Modern Day Pangaea Research suggests there Earth began with one continent. Millions of years: broke into seven Catastrophic past

Plate Movement Earth’s plates continue to move causing Changes Push up mountains Natural disasters Create volcanoes and earthquakes (Plate Tectonics)

Internal Forces of Change Plates Collide and spread Fold and fault

Internal Forces of Change Earthquakes Ring of Fire: Pacific Ocean

1906 San Fran.

2010 Haiti

Illinois?

Internal Forces of Change Volcanoes Pacific Rim of Fire

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1bsmv6PyKs0 Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius 1944

External Forces of Change Weathering Break down of rocks into smaller pieces Wind Erosion Glacial Erosion Water Erosion

Forces of Change Warning Poster! “Plates” Dru Michael W Thomas Matt Folds and Faults Julian NoE Ben L Earthquakes Georgia Hannah B Jess Emme Volcanic Eruptions Student Dakota Kyle Weathering Megan R Meghan D Briannah Wind Erosion Donovan Adrian Austin Bryce Glacier Erosion Hannah J Emily Dayne Water Erosion Daisy Ellyse Ben S

Essential Question How have internal and external forces changed the Earth? How will they continue to change it? Take two minutes to jot down your answer…this will be your two sentence summary.

2.3: Earth’s Water Objective: List and describe the physical process that keeps Earth’s water constant

Water Cycle 4 Stages Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Run-off/Groundwater (Know this order)