Classification of Matter

Classification of Matter MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE MECHANICAL MIXTURE SOLUTION ELEMENT COMPOUND Ordinary Mechanical Mixture Colloid Suspension

Pure substance – contains only one kind of particle, constant composition, homogeneous (same phase throughout), a chemical formula can be written eg) Na, H2O

Pure Substances are broken down into: Element – a type of pure substance that cannot be broken down by ordinary chemical means (periodic table) eg) H, Na

Compound – a pure substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportion eg) water H2O, carbon dioxide CO2

Mixture – contains at least 2 different pure substances or 2 different types of particles, variable ratio, parts not chemically bonded eg) eggs, soil

Mixtures are broken down into: Solution – a homogeneous (same phase through out) mixture of 2 or more pure substances, usually transparent unless it’s a solid (alloy- 2 metals mixed) eg) stainless steel, sugar water, tea

Mechanical Mixture – a heterogeneous (you can see more than 1 phase) mixture where a substance is made of more than 1 kind of particle. The particles are not uniformly scattered. Eg) pizza, sand, soil

Mechanical Mixtures are broken down into: Ordinary Mechanical Mixture Different parts can be seen, stays mixed eg) Sand Suspension Tiny particles may be seen, will settle after a while eg) Italian Salad Dressing Colloid Tiny particles can’t be seen, almost a solution but not transparent eg) jello, milk