The end of classical physics: photons, electrons, atoms

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Presentation transcript:

The end of classical physics: photons, electrons, atoms Last time: Discovery of the electron: Charge quantization photo-electric effect: light behaves as a particle Discovery of the nucleus: Rutherford scattering experiment Today: Atomic spectra: emission and absorption. Evidence for atomic energy levels Bohr’s model of the hydrogen atom Continuous emission: black-body radiation

Phhoto-electric effect: The energy transfer is all or nothing process in contrast to the classical theory of continuous transfer of energy eV0 = Kmax = hf –E0

Rutherford’s model Continuous spectrum Then the electron FALLS into the nucleus: catastrophe ! But this doesn’t happen => the catastrophe is in classical physics !

Atomic spectra: emission and absorption Spectra are discrete Different atoms have different lines Absorption and emission spectra are NOT the same

Hydrogen atom: Bohr’s model Stable orbits, with distinct quantum numbers n= 1,2,3… Angular momentum is quantized :

Emission and absorption Balmer found ( by trial and error) :

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