Waves.

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Properties of Mechanical Waves

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Presentation transcript:

Waves

Wave: a disturbance of matter caused by energy. Medium: The particles of matter that transport the wave’s energy. May be solid, liquid, or gas. Does NOT travel with the wave. After a wave has passes it returns to its original position. Not all waves require a medium.

Mechanical wave: a wave which requires a medium Ex: Sound Electromagnetic wave: a wave which does not require a medium. (i.e. they can travel in a vacuum)

Electromagnetic waves involve both an electrical and magnetic component. These components are perpendicular to one another:

Waves do NOT transmit matter. They transmit energy. Remember! Waves do NOT transmit matter. They transmit energy.

Transverse Wave: vibrations of the medium are perpendicular to the wave motion. Ex: a ripple in a lake.

Longitudinal Wave: vibrations of the medium are parallel to the direction of the wave motion. Ex: a sound wave.

Properties of Waves Wavelength: the distance between any two identical points on a wave, represented by the letter λ (lambda) Since wavelength is a measure of distance the SI unit is the meter, however, wavelength is often given in nanometers. Amplitude: the maximum displacement of a wave particle from the midpoint between the crest and the trough

Crest: the highest point on the wave. Trough: the lowest point on the wave.

Frequency: the number of waves crests that occur in a unit of time, measured in hertz (Hz). One hertz is equal to one peak per second. Formula: velocity = frequency x wavelength v = f λ

Lower frequency waves: Higher frequency waves: Lower energy Higher energy Longer Wavelength Shorter Wavelength