Types of Acid Base Equilibrium Problems Ms. DiOrio Rm 109

Nature of Acids and Bases Writing conjugate acids(or bases) from a list of bases(or acids) Identifying the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base in a reaction Explain the difference between strength and concentration Find pH, pOH, [OH-], and [H+] using Kw Order acids (or bases) by strength based on the value of Ka (or Kb)

Strong Acids and Bases Calculate pH (or pOH) from concentration and vice versa Special cases: Very dilute strong acids (< 1 x 10-7 M) Mixture of strong acids Identify the major species in solution

Weak Acids and Bases Identify the major species in solution Calculate pH (or pOH) given initial concentration and Ka (or Kb) Calculate Ka from pH and initial concentration Calculate initial concentration from Ka and pH Calculate percent dissociation Use percent dissociation to calculate Ka (or Kb) Calculate the pH (or pOH) or a mixture of weak acids (or bases)

Polyprotic Acids Write the stepwise acid dissociation reactions for each proton lost Calculate the pH given multiple Ka values

Salt Hydrolysis Determine if a salt is acidic, basic, or neutral Write the chemical equation for salt hydrolysis if the salt hydrolyzes Calculate the pH of a salt if hydrolysis occurs

Common Ions Calculate the pH of a weak acid/base with a common ion from a salt in solution

Buffers Determine the pH of a buffer solution Determine the pH of a buffer solution upon addition of H+ or OH- Determine the pH of a buffer solution upon addition of H+ or OH- that exceeds its buffering capacity Calculate the concentrations/moles necessary to create a buffer at a specific pH using the Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation Identify the best weak acid/base and conjugate to create a buffer at a specific pH