The Renaissance in Europe The Italian States
9.1 Vocab _______________ Burgher _________ Dominate Decline
Italian Renaissance Characteristics Urban-oriented society ______________________________________________________________________ Emphasis on individuals
Query Why might the ancient culture of the Roman Empire be of interest to ppl in the Italian Renaissance? ______________________________________________________________________
Italian States Emergence of States States Thriving trade creates urban areas No ______________________ States Milan Venice Florence ______ Naples
Milan At the crossroads of trade through Alps In 1447, Sforza family ruled Took control w/ mercenaries Efficient tax system __________
Venice Major port city Super profitable, international power Trade btwn Asia and W Europe Wealthy merchant aristocrats ran city Super profitable, international power
Florence N region of Tuscany Came under control of ___________ in 1434 Now famous for wine Came under control of ___________ in 1434 Ruled behind the scenes Cultural center of Italy
Rome Capital of the _________________ Under control by ____________
Naples S Italy Only major state to be ruled by a _________________ Mafia??!
W/ Success Comes Jealousy __________________________________________________________________ France and Spain become organized nations Eagerly eye the wealth of Italian states From late 1400s to mid 1500s France and Spain attack Italy Spain wins, even taking Rome
Machiavelli Writes a book called ________________ All about how to get, and keep, political power Morality and self-interest _______________________ Importance of the individual
Renaissance Population Social classes Nobility and leaders of the clergy _____________ (middle class) Urban workers and rural peasants Growth in trade growth in burghers
Ch 9.1 Discussion & Review What is another name for a soldier who fights primarily for money? ______________________________ T/F: Machiavelli believed that moral principles should guide every political decision. __________ How did Italy become wealthy and urbanized? _______________________________
Ideas and Art of the Renaissance Ch 9.2, p. 168
Ch 9.2, Vocab2Know ____________ Fresco __________ Perspective Attain Style Core Circumstance
Renaissance Humanism Study of __________ ___________ Lit from ancient Greece/Rome ___________ 1300s Italian scholar helped start humanist movement ___________________ Inspired searches for classical texts around Europe
Humanism, Cont’d. Petrarch’s work inspired the use of _________ ___________________ used as models Virgil’s poems BUT some writers chose to use their own __________________ Christine de Pizan Dante Alighieri
Query What is classical Latin? ______________________________________________________________________
Humanism and Education Secular focus Emphasize changing human beings and less religion __________________: history ethics, grammar, logic, math, music, etc. Purpose of Ed: To produce well-rounded citizens, not necessarily great scholars PE and leadership important Girls _____________________ to attend school
New Printing Tech Johannes Gutenberg Rise in literacy Makes printing press w/ movable type Allows books to be printed quickly Rise in literacy _________________
Literacy Within 50 yrs of Gutenberg’s 1st Bible, number of books went from __________________________ Cheaper, more scholarship Printing in local vernacular languages Chaucer’s ___________________ Dante’s ___________________
Renaissance Art! Theme: __________________, human forms Techniques: Perspective, 3D effects Accuracy High Renaissance (1490-1521) ______________________________________________________________ Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo
Query What single word might describe the style of many Italian artists of the Renaissance? _____________________________
Northern Euro Renaissance _____________________ for smaller walls Flemish School In Flanders, artists like _____________ perfected the technique of oil painting Fine details key, perspective and geometry for the birds Italian influence Some N artists traveled to Italy to study Albrecht Durer returned home and applied Italian perspective
Ch 9.2 Discussion & Review What is the name of the European intellectual movement which studies classics? ____________________ How did moveable type influence European society? ______________________________ How did N European art differ from Italian Renaissance art? __________________________