Subphylum Urochordata Colonial tunicate – “sea squirt” Individuals – under 0.8 inches in length Planktonic tunicate - salp Individuals – can be almost 4 inches in length Chains can be up to 30 feet long

Subphylum Cephalochordata Lancelet 1.0 – 3.1 inches in length

Order Cetacea Whales Porpoises Dolphins

Cuvier’s beaked whale Sperm whale Maximum dive time – 138 minutes Maximum dive depth – 9,800 feet Sperm whale Maximum dive time – 90 minutes Maximum dive depth – 7,300 feet

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTEvEE6fq6k

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pIS15-c4UCQ

Suborder Mysticeti Pygmy right whale – 21 feet

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=scoJ6IsU7B0

Suborder Mysticeti, Family Balaenopteridae - Rorquals Distinctive Feature – Throat pleats or ‘Ventral grooves’ Members Blue whale Sei whale Bryde’s whale – 2 species Northern minke whale Antarctic minke whale Humpback whale https://www.arkive.org/humpback-whale/megaptera-novaeangliae/video-08b.html

Ventral Groove Blubber (VGB) Expands: 162% circumferentially Pivoranus (1979) Ventral Groove Blubber (VGB) Expands: 162% circumferentially 38% longitudinally Blue whale can engulph 2,200,000 lbs of water in under 10 sec!

Ventral Groove Blubber Vogl et al. (2015)

Vogl et al. (2015)

Suborder Mysticeti, Family Balaenidae – Right whales Members North Atlantic right whale North Pacific right whale Southern right whale Bowhead whale Callosity

Distinctive feature Longest baleen of all mysticete whales Up to 13 feet long