Square Numbers and Square Roots

Square numbers are called square numbers because you can make a square out of that number of smaller squares. I can make a large square out of 9 small squares like this:  

But I can’t make a larger square out of 10 small squares, however hard I try!

Multiplying a number by itself gives you a square number. So 2 x 2 = 4 and 3 x 3 = 9. 4 and 9 are square numbers.

What are the square numbers of these multiplications? 1 x 1 =     2 x 2 =

  3 x 3 =   4 x 4 =

  5 x 5 =   6 x 6 =

  7 x 7 =   8 x 8 =

9 x 9 =  

  10 x 10 =

The square root of a number is the factor that when multiplied by itself gives the square number. So if 8 x 8 = 64 then the square root of 64 = 8 We write this as: 8² = 64 and √64 = 8