Intro to the Mole.

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Presentation transcript:

Intro to the Mole

Think About It What do the words pair and dozen have in common?

I Can… Determine how many moles or particles are present in a given problem using dimensional analysis Define what a mole is

Notes for Dimensional Analysis Units MUST Cancel Out Diagonally UNITS, UNITS, UNITS!!!!!!!!!! With set-up, as well as the answer 

Question How many molecules are in the beaker of salt?

Mole Unit of measurement in Chemistry 6.02 X 1023 Very large number!!! 602 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 Also known as Avogadro’s number

http://ed.ted.com/lessons/daniel-dulek- how-big-is-a-mole-not-the-animal-the- other-one

1 mole of dollars: $602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 US National Debt: $19,975,332,990,000 World Population: 7,484,428,900

Calculator Magic Since we are using scientific notation, there is a specific way to type into your calculator You NEED a scientific calculator If using your phone, you will need to download a scientific notation app

Try it… 2.52 x 1025 / 6.35 x 1011 Correct Answer: 3.97 x 1013

Correct Answer: 3.97 x 1013 Most common incorrect answer: 3.97 x 1035

Setting Up a Mole Problem How many atoms are in 2.5 moles of Potassium?

Tips DO NOT memorize how to set up an equation- think about it where the units should be to cancel out AKA: Don’t think when converting from moles to particles, you should have…

Make sure you… Write the units and the chemical formula/element Round to the correct number of sig figs in your final answer AKA: lowest amount that you started with

Molar Mass The number of grams in 1 mole of a substance Units: g/mol Physical property Molar masses are never measured directly. They must be calculated from standard Atomic Masses found on your Periodic Table

Mole and Atomic Mass Connection A mole is defined as the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12.0 grams of carbon-12 1 mole of carbon = 6.02 x 1023 carbon atoms = 12.0 grams of carbon Use one decimal place 1 mole = 6.02 x 1023 particles = Molar Mass (g)

Example What is the molar mass of Al(OH)3?

Molar Mass of Hydrates An ionic salt containing water molecules combined in a definite ratio as an integral part of the crystal Notation: hydrous compound . nH2O Copper sulfate pentahydrate CuSO4 . 5H2O

Example What is the molar mass of CuSO4 . 5H2O?