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Why Study the Autonomic Nervous System?

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Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.134 Figure 2 Pathological effects of anti-GPCRs autoantibodies interfering with neuronal transmission Figure 2 | Pathological effects of anti-GPCRs autoantibodies interfering with neuronal transmission. Autoantibodies against the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 (M3) block the secretion of saliva and tears in exocrine glands (upper left panel), as well as the neural transmission required for gastrointestinal motility50,51 (upper right panel). Antagonistic autoantibodies targeting β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) impair vasodilatation and bronchodilatation, which are controlled by β2AR in intrapulmonary airways29 (lower left panel). Anti-β1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR)-specific autoantibodies can increase the beating rate of cardiomyocytes and hence are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathies37,38,39 (lower right panel). GPCRs, G protein-coupled receptors. Cabral-Marques, O. & Riemekasten, G. (2017) Functional autoantibodies targeting G protein-coupled receptors in rheumatic diseases Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.134