Paper compositions for digital liners Set Yourself Up for Substrate Success Allie O’Brien

Outline Topics of Discussion Paper Grades Appearance Performance Whiteness vs Brightness Testing Methods and Standards Shade Performance Leading Paper Characteristics When Choosing a Substrate for Digital Print Other Features to Consider in a Substrate Industry Innovation Conclude There are dozens, if not hundreds of individual factors that play a roll in choosing a substrate for digital Print. The Prominent factors fall under Appearance and Performance.

Paper grades Market Product Mix For Converting (K) KRAFT- Kraft paper (T2) TEST 2 - Partly recycled liner paper (T) TEST 3 - Fully recycled liner (C) CHIP - Waste based liners (BW) FULLY BLEACHED WHITE - Fully bleached Kraft liner (WT) WHITE TOP - White coated recycled liner (MK) MOTTLED KRAFT - Mottled white Kraft (WKL) WHITE KRAFT LINERS (OY) OYSTER - Mottled test liner (FBB) FOLDING BOX BOARD Grades already used for offset, flexo and gravuere are compatible with digital printing. We won’tfocus on all of these

From Pulp to Finished Product There are dozens, if not hundreds of individual factors that play a roll in choosing a substrate for digital Print. The Prominent factors fall under Appearance and Performance. - Call to audience: What do you think are some of the most common questions about a papers appearance? As of this moment, what characteristics are most important to you? appearance From Pulp to Finished Product The properties that determine how the eye perceives paper and their effects on the appearance of the liner

THE BIG QUESTION: Is there a difference between Brightness and Whiteness? Paper brightness, paper whiteness and shade are three of the most often misunderstood variables of paper choice in print projects. However, they all play an important role in determining the look of your final product.

TAPPI : “Brightness and whiteness are not the same measurement. Brightness and whiteness are not interchangeable, and there is no known mathematical relationship between the two values”. Brand, PMS, Color Matching, Shade

Brightness vs Whiteness Brightness: The reflection of a very specific wavelength, a portion, of light on the color spectrum (Blue) Whiteness: The reflection of all wavelengths of light across the visible spectrum- the whole spectrum of colors visible to the human eye Whiteness measure is more in line with our visual perception and sight capabilities Discuss two types of brightness and why. Draw brightness range, what is considered bright < examples (What is considered bright, categories) discuss additives to bring brightness higher

Technical Properties Test Methods, Standards and Measurements Testing Methods for Brightness Top (%) (Scale 0 to 100) Discuss 3 types of brightness and why. Draw brightness range, what is considered bright < examples (What is considered bright, categories) Optical Brightening Agents (additives) Method TAPPI – Paper (GE Brightness) ISO - Paper Standard ID TAPPI T452 ISO 2469 ISO 2470-1 Illuminant C D65 [C]* ISO 2469- Specific to Paper, board and pulps * Measurement of diffuse radiance factor (specific intensity of illumination)

Technical Properties Test Methods, Standards and Measurements Whiteness Whiteness Standard: CIE Whiteness Measurement of the light reflected by the paper across the visible (daylight) spectrum Standard: D65 Illumination (White daylight source at noon) Representation of outdoor daylight under which the amount of light reflected is measured .

Shade Light reflection is not taken in to account when measuring shade Shade represents the color of the paper. Three Common Groups of White Shades: True White Blue White Cream White A third appearance property that is commonly misunderstood

performance The Key Properties for Optimal Substrate Success Reliable Data for Prime Execution

Leading Paper Characteristics When Choosing a Substrate for Digital Print Tolerance. What happens when out of tolerance? What makes for good toner/ink adhesion/transfer. Data, what is the best properties for dp. Warp makes the process hard. Environmental control is crucial. Storage. Registration and alignment. Digital Presses work with ink companies, so if an ink company approves of the results, there is credibility in certifications. Runnability Printability Toner/Ink Adhesion and Toner Transfer Efficiency Accurate Sheet Dimensions Dimensional Stability

Standards, Methods and Testing for Leading Paper Characteristics Smoothness Top Method: PP510 Standard: ISO 8791-4 Tolerance. What happens when out of tolerance? What makes for good toner/ink adhesion/transfer. Data, what is the best properties for dp. Warp makes the process hard. Environmental control is crucial. Storage. Registration and alignment. Digital Presses work with ink companies, so if an ink company approves of the results, there is credibility in certifications. 2 Water Absorption Top g/m Method: Cobb 1 min Standard: ISO 535 Moisture Level (Moisture Content %) Standard: ISO 287

Why is your business interesting in the digital market? So… Mill level and chemistry, digital papers Why is your business interesting in the digital market?

More Features to Consider When Choosing a Substrate Food Contact: EU Regulation (EC) No. 1935/2004 USFDA Current markets, current customers, goal markets to pursue, markets you are looking to get in to. Ex) Food and Bev, Certifications needed, FDA, food contact safe, fatty, dry, environmental and sustainability factors Environmental/Sustainability PEFC chain of custody FSC chain of custody FSC controlled wood certificates

Industry innovation Current Obstacles Mill level and chemistry, digital papers Industry innovation Current Obstacles The Goals, Visions and Strategic Implementations to Overcome Hurdles in Digital Print and Industry Advancements

You’ve put in the effort to learn, you’ve put in time, you’ve put in money- But all of that becomes futile without a strong foundation, the best substrate of the highest quality. No point in spending on fancy technology only to manufacture sub-par products Thank You!