Where is Industry distributed today?? Largest Markets North America Europe East Asia Why are these three the largest markets? Largest population centers and most advanced technology.

Europe-West and Central Home of the Industrial Revolution Where does most of the industry in western and central Europe come out of? Rhine-Ruhr River Valley Note location of Rhine River and how it converges in one center. Also state how this was the base of most industry in Europe outside of Great Britain. What did the river provide the people of Europe? Do you see any foreseeable problems for the region?

East Asia Japanese manufacturing belt Kanto Plain Kansai District Why is the Kanto Plain so successful? It’s location to harbor Kansai district-Steel Mills, also located close to rivers

What is so essential about the East Asia manufacturing center? Why is it so successful?(Hint: Think East coast America) Why is it so remarkable that Japan is successful? Limit of natural resources

Leading areas of Industrialization New England-Skilled but expensive labor Middle Atlantic-Shipyards receiving foreign markets Mohawk-Upper New York valley, connects to Great Lakes Pittsburgh-”Steel city” Western Great Lakes-Detroit, Chicago, Toledo Pittsburgh-Three elements. Sports teams in the area-how important it is for those people Can you think of any developing areas from the map?

What can you observe from this map in terms of where the majority of manufacturing takes place? Do you see this changing at all today? Is this at all indicative of anything economic?

Bulk-Gaining Industry An industry in which the final product weighs more or comprises a greater volume than the inputs. – Ex. Car Industry Manufacturing plants located close to market

Bulk-Reducing Industry An industry in which the final product weighs less or comprises a lower volume than the inputs. – Ex. Iron-Ore Processing plants located close to mining centers

Geography of Transportation Truck – short-distance, best for one-day delivery Train – Longer distance, no need for stops, better for large objects Ship – Low cost, cross- continental Air – High cost, for small, high-value packages Pipeline – Only used for liquids and gasses

Delivery? Ship, rail, truck, or air? The farther something is transported, the lower the cost per km/mile Cost decreases at different rates for each of the four modes Truck = most often for short-distance travel Train = used to ship longer distances (1 day +) Ship = slow, but very low cost per km/mile Air = most expensive, but very fast

Break-of- Bulk Points Break-of-Bulk Point Points where portions of cargo are unloaded and redistributed for redirection Often to other modes of transportation

Labor Workers Labor-intensive industry Normally largest input in production Locate where most workers available at lowest cost possible to maximize profits Labor-intensive industry Industry where paying workers is high percentage of total costs

Land Factory Location Natural Resources Large footprint so they locate outside cities where land costs are lower Proximity to transportation routes Natural Resources Used in production of product Secondary Industries locate close to natural resources used

Capital Borrowed Money Tools of the craft Proximity to banking institutions Not as big a factor due to internet banking Tools of the craft Machines or tools used for doing the job Ex. Tractor for farmer, Stethoscope for doctor