1960s-1972 CRISIS OF AUTHORITY A32 7.4.23

New Left & Counterculture

A. Rise of the New Left and the counterculture liberal, radical, Marxist political movements that took place during the 1960s, primarily among college students STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY (SDS) PORT HURON STATEMENT – articulated the fundamental problems of American society and laid out a radical vision for a better future – Tom Hayden – University of Michigan – 1962 / Racism and Cold War 2 biggest problems facing American FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT MARIO SAVIO – leader of Free Speech mvt at Berkley “PEOPLE’S PARK” –UC Berkley WEATHERMEN – U. Michigan – faction of SDS create a revolutionary party to overthrow U.S. imperialism – militant (bombings)- broke Tim Leary out of jail (LSD prof) COUNTERCULTURE “HIPPIE” WOODSTOCK . . . AND ALTAMONT

University of California, Berkeley students during free speech sit in, 1964 http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

Disturbances on College Campuses 1967-69 Norton A People & A Nation 7e [hsitory companion cd]

Anti war protesters, 1967 http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

Military police guard an entrance to the Pentagon during 1967 anti-war protest http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

Anti-war demonstration at Pentagon Oct 1967 "A female demonstrator offers a flower to military police on guard at the Pentagon during an anti-Vietnam demonstration." By S.Sgt. Albert R. Simpson, Arlington, Virginia, October 21, 1967 National Archives and Records Administration, Records of the Office of the Chief Signal Officer (111-CC-46331)

Antiwar Demonstrators Burn Draft Cards on the Steps of the Pentagon, May 22, 1972 ajo

Violence at Democratic Convention Photographs and televised pictures of the Chicago police beating and gassing antiwar protesters and innocent bystanders at the Democratic convention in 1968 linked Democrats in the public mind with violence and mayhem. The scenes made Republican Richard Nixon a reassuring presence to those he would term "the silent majority." ((c) Bettmann/Corbis) Norton A People & A Nation 7e [hsitory companion cd] Violence at Democratic Convention Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Hippies in their garden of grass “Grass opened up a new space for middle class white kids," wrote chronicler of the drug culture Jay Stevens, "an inner space as well as outer space. It became a ritual--sitting around with your friends, passing a joint from person to person, listening to music, eating, talking, joking, maybe making out--all the senses heightened." (John and Leni Sinclair Collection, Bentley Historical Library,University of Michigan) Norton A People & A Nation 7e [hsitory companion cd] Hippies in their garden of grass Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Woodstock Woodstock (Library of Congress) Norton A People & A Nation 7e [hsitory companion cd] Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN THE 1960S & 1970S New Feminism WOMEN’S RIGHTS IN THE 1960S & 1970S

Guiding Question “BETWEEN 1960 AND 1975, THERE WAS GREAT PROGRESS IN THE STRUGGLE FOR POLITICAL AND SOCIAL EQUALITY.” ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS STATEMENT WITH RESPECT TO TWO OF THE FOLLOWING GROUPS: AFRICAN AMERICANS WOMEN ASIAN AMERICANS LATINOS NATIVE AMERICANS 2004B

B. WOMEN’S MOVEMENT NEW FEMINISM BETTY FRIEDAN THE FEMININE MYSTIQUE NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN (NOW) GRISWOLD V. CONNECTICUT (1965) – reversed Connecticut law that outlawed use of contraceptives EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT (ERA) ROE V. WADE (1973) – Legalized Abortion SANDRA DAY O’CONNOR – first female Supreme Court Justice GERALDINE FERRARO – first female on a presidential ticket (1984 VP candidate with Walter Mondale) Women in the workforce Brinkley 10e

DESCRIBE THREE OF THE FOLLOWING AND ANALYZE THE WAYS IN WHICH EACH OF THE THREE HAS AFFECTED THE STATUS OF WOMEN IN AMERICAN SOCIETY SINCE 1940 CHANGING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS THE REBIRTH OF AN ORGANIZED WOMEN’S MOVEMENT ADVANCES IN REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY/ MEDICAL AND/OR TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES THE PERSISTENCE OF TRADITIONAL DEFINITIONS OF WOMEN’S ROLES (1992) (2005B)

Struggle for the Equal Rights Amendment http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534593550_carroll/maps/carrollmaps.html

Hispanics Native Americans

C. Ethnic Minorities INDIANS HISPANICS BILINGUALISM “MELTING POT” “TERMINATION” AMERICAN INDIAN MOVEMENT (AIM) INDIAN CIVIL RIGHTS ACT WOUNDED KNEE HISPANICS CESAR CHAVEZ, UNITED FARM WORKERS “CHICANOS” BILINGUALISM “MELTING POT” “MULTICULTURALISM” http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1965_2001.html Cesar Chavez

Economic Stagnation

Economics C. ECONOMIC STAGNATION THE REASONS FOR THE DECLINE OF THE AMERICAN ECONOMY IN THE EARLY 1970S, AND PRESIDENT NIXON'S REACTION TO THE DECLINE. GEORGE MCGOVERN OPEC “STAGFLATION”   D. SHIFT AT THE SUPREME COURT THE WAYS IN WHICH THE SUPREME COURT IN THE NIXON YEARS BEGAN TO CHANGE TO A MORE CONSERVATIVE POSTURE, AND THE REASONS FOR THIS CHANGE. THE BURGER COURT

George McGovern http://www.authentichistory.com/images/1970s/general_1970s/1972_george_mcgovern_poster_01.html

Richard Nixon http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

Politics and Economics Under Nixon The Troubled Economy Brinkley 10e

1970s: Oil Production Faragher, Out of Many, 3rd Ed.; http://wps.prenhall.com/hss_faragher_outofmany_ap/

Watergate

WATERGATE THE PLUMBERS – Liddy, Young, -- to stop the leaks coming out of the Oval Office PENTAGON PAPERS; NEW YORK TIMES V. U.S. DANIEL ELLSBERG COMMITTEE TO RE-ELECT THE PRESIDENT (CREEP) WATERGATE “COVER-UP” “WHAT DID THE PRESIDENT KNOW AND WHEN DID HE KNOW IT?” SATURDAY NIGHT MASSACRE - EXECUTIVE PRIVILEGE; U.S. V. NIXON SMOKING GUN

Spiro T. Agnew http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

Watergate Complex http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/museum/exhibits/watergate_files/

Brinkley 11e Gallery

http://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/museum/exhibits/watergate_files/

Richard Nixon answering media questions during Watergate http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

“What did the president know and when did he know it?” The Watergate Crisis “What did the president know and when did he know it?” Senator Howard Baker Brinkley 10e

Nixon leaves the White House August 9, 1974 Richard Nixon departs from the White House before Gerald Ford was sworn in as President Description: Richard Nixon departing the White House after resigning. Oliver F. Atkins, August 9, 1974. Keywords: Gerald Ford Credit: Nixon Presidential Materials Project By Oliver F. Atkins, Washington, DC, August 9, 1974 Nixon Presidential Materials Project, National Archives and Records Administration (E3398-09)

Nixon leaving the White House Description: Richard Nixon departing the White House after resigning. Oliver F. Atkins, August 9, 1974. Keywords: Gerald Ford Credit: Nixon Presidential Materials Project. http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/thumbnail483.html

Gerald Ford taking oath of office http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html

“Our long national nightmare is over.” The Watergate Crisis “Our long national nightmare is over.” Gerald Ford

SOURCES http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/special_features/image_bank_US/1963_1974.html http://teachpol.tcnj.edu/amer_pol_hist/.html Brinkley 10th ed