Lecture Code: PS_L.6 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Orality and Literacy” Part 1: India by G.N. Devy Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Aka: Johnny Appleseed Grades K-2
Advertisements

NATIVE AMERICAN LITERATURE Ms. Kucinski English II.
Elements of Poetry Poetry Unit Day 2.
Islamic Note Cards Literature Caitlin Balmer Will Herman Ian MacDonald CB.
Literary Terms 7 th Grade Honors Part D Click Mouse to Advance.
STAFF DEVELOMENT DAY IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM AMBARVALE HIGH SCHOOL CAMPBELLTOWN PERFORMING ARTS HIGH SCHOOL LEUMEAH HIGH SCHOOL.
A Survey of Indian Literature Antiquity Through the Middle Ages.
Poetry Honors 9 Lecture Notes Unit 5. History of Poetry  Poetry as an art form that predates literacy.  In prehistoric and ancient societies, poetry.
Literature What is it?.
Foundations of Early Literature. Before We Begin Reading... You now have some of the historical background knowledge needed to begin reading literature.
Early Indian Civilizations The Aryans & the Vedic Age.
Chapter 25 The Arts. Chapter Preview What Is Art? Why Do Anthropologists Study Art? What Are the Functions of the Arts?
Introduction to Literature Subjects are divided into:1- Arts 2- Science Science: Based on seeking facts and truth. - It brings advantages to humankind.
Chapter 5 Language. French Road Signs, Québec Language Language is: a system of communication through speech & a collection of symbols that a group of.
LITERATURE Writings in prose or verse; especially : writings having excellence of form or expression and expressing ideas of permanent or universal interest.
FOLKLORE.
  Frequently employed as a means of  recording oral history,  storytelling (epic poetry),  genealogy,  law and  other forms of expression or knowledge.
Upgrade 3 - Unit 5 Literary Genre Movie Adaptarions.
Forms of Literature Language Arts Standard: 7E1c.1 Discuss the purposes and characteristics of different forms of written text…
Literature What is it? Language Arts-7th. ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE Written works having excellence in: Form Expression Ideas Widespread and Lasting Interest.
By Dr. Nagy Rashwan Associate Professor of English at Majmaa University What is Literature ?
Literature What is it? October 27-th, 2010 Dr. Elena Shapa Associate Professor Free powerpoints at
What is Literature? ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE Written works having excellence in: Form Expression Ideas Widespread and Lasting Interest.
MA 2nd Year (English) Nepal Studies: INTRODUCTION
Chapter 18 Creative Language Experiences
Narrative Poetry vs. Prose
Feature Menu Fast Facts Key Concept: The Anglo-Saxon Legacy
Hampton Infant School & Nursery
INTRO TO LITERATURE MATERIAL
Nonfiction.
Precolonial Literature
How do I distinguish among poetry, prose, and drama?
Sundiata An Epic of Old Mali.
What is the novel? E.M. Forster in Aspects of the Novel cites the definition of a Frenchman named Abel Chevalley: "a fiction in prose of a certain extent"
The Theatre of Africa (A Quick Historical Breakdown)
The Theatre of Africa (Sierra Leone)
Types of Poetry.
Sanskrit Drama.
How do I distinguish among poetry, prose, and drama?
Fiction Vs. Nonfiction.
Feature Menu Fast Facts Key Concept: The Anglo-Saxon Legacy
Year 12 Unit Standard Read Poetic Written Text Closely – 4 Credits
Native American Literature
Elements of Poetry Poetry Unit Day 2.
Literature Literature is a type of an art that provides works of creative writing , imagination and a combination of aesthetics and beauty to express oneself.
“Everyday Use” By: Alice Walker
Poems identify key characteristics of a variety of forms or genres of oral, print and other media texts.
MA English Semester ii (Fall 2018) Postcolonial Studies (Syllabus)
What is Literature? Literature is written work that has been considered “great”. Literature is the imaginative or creative writing of “recognized”
What is Literature? Why do we study it?
The Humanities: An Introduction to the Adventure
Forms of Literature 6th Grade Reading Created by: Ms. Peldonia.
Lecture Code: PS_L.10 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 2: Multi-Disciplinarity “Nation and Nationalisms” by John Mcleod Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor.
Lecture Code: PS_L.4 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Introduction” by Shirley Chew Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor Dept of English,
Lecture Code: PS_L.5 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Framing Identities” by David Richards Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor Dept.
Lecture Code: PS_L.7 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Orality and Literacy” Part 2: South Africa by Duncan Brown Min Pun, PhD, Associate.
Oral Tradition.
Lecture Code: PS_L.3 MA English Semester ii (Fall 2018) Postcolonial Studies – Definitions, Issues & Theorists Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor Dept.
Literature What is it?.
Lecture Code: PS_L.11 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 2: Multi-Disciplinarity “Feminism and Womanism” by Nana Wilson-Tagoe Min Pun, PhD, Associate.
Lecture Code: PS_L.12 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 2: Multi-Disciplinarity “Cartographies and Visualization” by David Howard Min Pun, PhD, Associate.
Lecture Code: PS_L.15 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 2: Multi-Disciplinarity “Publishing Histories” by Gail Low Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor.
MA 2nd Year (English) Nepal Studies: INTRODUCTION
*ORATURE IN AFRICA (*oral literary arts)
Lecture Code: PS_L.9 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Postcolonial Translations” by Susan Bassnett Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor.
Name _________________ Room __________
Literature What is it?.
Name _________________ Room __________
Understanding Communication:
Poetry.
Presentation transcript:

Lecture Code: PS_L.6 ENGL 559: Postcolonial Studies UNIT 1: KEY CONCEPTS “Orality and Literacy” Part 1: India by G.N. Devy Min Pun, PhD, Associate Professor Dept of English, PN Campus Pokhara 06 October 2018

What is orality and literacy? Orality is the use of speech (sound) as a means of communication, in communities where the tools of literacy are unfamiliar to the majority of population. Literacy is the use of scripts as a means of communication, which is especially associated with writing and print.

Orality and Literacy in Literature (Speech and Writing in Literature) Orature or oral literature can simply be defined as a “literature delivered by word of mouth” and closely associated with the study of oral tradition. Information is transmitted from one generation to another. Oral literature (Orature) is also described as traditional literature, folk literature or folklore. Some examples of orature are songs, folktales, ballads, chants, drama, proverbs, riddles, storytelling, dance, etc. Literature or written literature is defined as books or written artistic works, especially those considered to have artistic merit or lasting value. Written literature is closely related to the study of written tradition. Some of examples of literature are poems, novels, short stories, plays, essays, etc.

The Aesthetics of Adivasi Oral Traditions When some dominant Indian languages started getting printed during the early years of 19th century, many languages spoken by adivasi communities remained untouched by print technology. Important features of adivasi languages are 1) the use of spatial imagery such as visual and pictorial space, everyday event, playfulness, rituals, etc. 2) indulgence of the medium, highlighting shapes, tones and textures. It means that the medium they used is more important than the message they want to convey.

Contd…. A close study of oral tradition reveals that literary compositions are produced not for aesthetic purpose, but in order to serve other knowledge related activities such as medicinal herbs and seeds of diverse plant species. But adivasi communities have the problem of illiteracy. Oral tradition of adivasi is considered a rich tradition in the post- independence societies in Asia and Africa. So oral tradition should be included in the school and university curriculum

Oral and Written Traditions in Ancient India The literary tradition in India about 3,500 years old: while the oral tradition existed before 19th century, the written tradition is 200 years old only. India had some early oral poetic forms of literature such as Mahabharat, Ramayana, Puranas, Kalidasa’s Raghuvansha, etc. These oral forms used suta-tradition of narration. The Vedas are the oldest work of literature in India that appeared in the form of oral forms. Now, these oral forms are now available in the written tradition.

Contd…. The oral tradition in Indian literature is not only for poetic literature, it is also for prose works. For instance, Katha-sarita-sagara and Jataka are two examples available in prose narrative forms. Similarly, the dramatic tradition in India also one of the developments in the oral tradition by Bharatmuni. For instance, Bharata-natyashastra is his theoretical compendium that uses dance and music. The rich tradition of Indian dramatic forms has an impact on western dramatists such as Antonin Artaud and Bertolt Brecht.

Oral and Written Tradition in Mediaval India From the 11th century to 15th century, many new languages emerged in India, mostly from Sanskrit and Tamil. With the emergence of these languages, both oral and written conventions were adopted to produce literature. One of the such conventions is the oral practice of bhakti poetry, which became popular among the Indian societies. The use of paper for writing became common practice during the 17th century in India.

Contd…. But the use of paper for writing became common practice during the 17th century in India. So the written literature was considered more valuable than an oral literature during this time. Also Islamic tradition of writing became to be sacred such as calligraphy and book-making. But during British rule in India in the 19th century, the hand-written works were transformed to print using printing press.

Conclusion A study shows that print technology in India is available for the major languages in the Indian subcontinent. It means that two-thirds of major languages exist in the oral tradition and a third of Indians is officially listed as ‘illiterate’. Despite of this fact, adivasi literature is gradually moving towards the literary centres in India. One of the most important oral practice in India is the immense popularity of the Indian Cinema. Here, colonialism in India is to lose its oral tradition, its history and identity. So the oral tradition is an important issue in the postcolonial period in India.

Gandhi’s Spinning Wheel During British Colonialism

Associate Professor, Dept of English Tribhuvan University Min Pun, PhD Associate Professor, Dept of English Tribhuvan University Prithvi Narayan Campus, Pokhara Email: minpun@pncampus.edu.np Website: www.minpun.com.np