It’s the same isn’t it? -it’s all ice, right? Arctic vs Antarctic It’s the same isn’t it? -it’s all ice, right?

Show Andrill Resources---About Andrill and show ice core

What are Paleo Proxies? Paleoclimate proxies are physical, chemical and biological materials preserved within the geologic record (in paleoclimate archives) that can be analyzed and correlated with climate or environmental parameters in the modern world.

Proxy-Based Reconstructions of Hemispheric and Global Surface Temperature Variations over the Past Two Millennia

Arctic (a.k.a. North Pole)

Antarctica (a.k.a. South Pole) Highest of all continents at an average height of 7,546 feet or 1.4 miles

Arctic Closest land is 430 miles to The south—Greenland Permanently covered by sea ice though it is moving from a snails pace to a Brisk walk at 1-3 feet above sea level Surrounded by several coasts and countries

Arctic—surrounded by land

Antarctica—surrounded by Southern Ocean

Antarctic Heighest point is 9,300 feet above sea level and approximately 800 miles from the nearest open sea at the Bay of Whales The ice moves at about 33 feet per year—ceremonial south pole is repositioned on Jan. 1 annually to allow for this movement. Surrounded by water—no nearby continents

Topography Arctic contains wide range of landscapes from plains to mountains to tundra and taiga. Arctic is surrounded by land masses Antarctic is 90% covered in ice –no rivers, small area of tundra at Antarctic Peninsula; mountains (Nanatuks) rise up to 9,300 ft

Climate Arctic is warmer than Antarctic Circumpolar winds at Antarctica keeps cold around the continent while in Arctic it spills out to the south.

Arctic Plants

Antarctic Plants Only 1% is free of ice so not much grows here

Upwelling Both the Arctic and Antarctic have highly productive seas the production being driven by phytoplankton. Upwelling currents bringing nutrients with them and long days in the summer months drive this production. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVU0WHFzxRA

Arctic Animals

Antarctica Animals Largest land animal is the wingless midge However many animals Feed in the sea and come onto land to breed and feed

Human Impact Arctic—over 325,100 inhabitants Overfishing Pollution Global Warming Disruption of Habitat Ozone Hole (south pole) Arctic—over 325,100 inhabitants Antarctic—seasonal up to 451,000 summer 500-1,000 in winter

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z5VRoGTF60s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=anfbjiShjP8