Ms. Mitat, Miami Senior High School FRENCH REVOLUTION Ms. Mitat, Miami Senior High School

Background information Began in 1789, when the US was created More complex, more violent, and far more radical than American Revolution A turning point in EUROPEAN POLITICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY

Causes of the war Conditions of French society Social class was divided into three estates, or classes First Estate Second Estate Third Estate

First Estate Second Estate Third Estate Three estates Clergy (130,000 people), owned about 10% of land, Three estates First Estate Second Estate Third Estate Nobility (350,000 people), owned 30%, held leading positions Commoners (peasants), made up of 75 percent of total population. Owned 35-40 % of land

Third Estate People had various job titles Peasants, shopkeepers, craftspeople, middle class Bourgeoisie- middle class, 8% of the third estate, owned 25-30% land Upset at all the privileges held by people in higher estates

SOCIAL CONDITIONS National government financial collapse Bad harvest slow manufacturing high # of poor people costly wars expensive monarchies Aiding United States

National Assembly Versailles, May 5, 1789 Meeting of all Estates Problem-> was when it came down to voting Each estate would get one vote. (traditional) 1st and 2nd Estate could outvote the 3rd King in favor of traditional way

Third Estate & Tennis Not happy with result created their own Assembly Met on June 17, 1789, at a Tennis Court, original place was locked Made an oath to create a new constitution King Louis XVI was against this and used force Rebellions started forming all over France

OUT with the old, in with the NEW August 4, 1789-abolished the rights of landlords and financial privileges of clergy and nobles Aug 26- Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen Basic liberties Liberty Prosperity Security

POWER OF WOMEN The Declaration raised questions about women equality in France. Olympe de Gouges wrote many plays and pamphlets about women’s rights. She even wrote a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen. The National Assembly ignored her claim. On October 5, thousands of women marched to Versailles in protest which forced the King to accept women’s rights.

New Constitution 1791, created a limited monarchy Assembly made the laws

EFFECTS of Seven year’s war Economic shortages Led to many people challenging the government More violent and radical stage Paris- Commune- new group formed a new Convention

French Republic Result of Convention NO MONARCHY King Louis was killed New government

Reign of terror Period of terror 40,000 people were killed guillotine People who opposed the new convention

The directory 1795-1799 People who ruled the country Made up of 5 directors Period of corruption These people also had enemies Economic problems were not solved Couldn’t help country progress Relied on the military for power Coup d’etat- overthrow the government

Napoleon bonaparte Dominated France from 1799-1815 Rose quickly throw the ranks in military Consolate- was the name of the new government Napoleon was absolute emperor Made peace with Catholic Church Made Civil Code of Law, Napoleonic Code

Napoleon’s Empire Made up of three major parts Spread of principles The French Empire Dependent states Allied states Spread of principles Equality Religious toleration Economic freedom

Fall of empire Spread of nationalism- feeling of national identity Britain stayed alive and powerful Invasion of Russia Page 577 JUMP READ