Cells Review

1. What is the main difference between a prokaryote cell and a eukaryote cell? A. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus B. Prokaryotes do not have membrane organelles C. Eukaryotes do not have a nucleus D. Both A and B D. Both A and B

2. Which organelle packages proteins to be sent out of the cell. A 2. Which organelle packages proteins to be sent out of the cell? A. Nucleus B. Endoplasmic reticulum C. Golgi Apparatus D. Ribosomes C. Golgi Apparatus

3. A plant cell has a ________ while animal cells do not. A 3. A plant cell has a ________ while animal cells do not. A. Cell membrane B. Cell wall C. Nucleus D. Golgi apparatus B. Cell Wall

A. Converting sunlight into energy (Photosynthesis) 4. What is the function of chloroplasts? A. Converting sunlight into energy (Photosynthesis) B. Storage C. Produces proteins D. Provides structure and support A. Converting sunlight into energy (Photosynthesis)

5. What type of structure do cell membranes have. A 5. What type of structure do cell membranes have? A. Phospholipid mono-layer B. Phospholipid bi-layer C. Phopholipid tri-layer D. None of the above B. Phospholipid Bilayer

6. In a cell membrane, the phospholipid heads are __________. A 6. In a cell membrane, the phospholipid heads are __________. A. Hydrophilic B. Hydrophobic C. Fear water D. Both A and B A. Hydrophilic

7. Muscle cells contain a lot of which organelle. A. Ribosomes B 7. Muscle cells contain a lot of which organelle? A. Ribosomes B. Lysosomes C. Mitochondria D. Nucleus C. Mitochondria

8. Diffusion relies on the concentration gradient to move from _______ to _______. A. High, Low B. Low, High A. High, Low

9. Which type of cell transport requires ATP (energy) to move molecules against the concentration gradient (low  high) A. Diffusion B. Facilitated Diffusion C. Passive Transport D. Active Transport D. Active Transport

10. The process of sending molecules out of the cell. A. Endocytosis B 10. The process of sending molecules out of the cell. A. Endocytosis B. Exocytosis C. Membrane transport D. Teleportation B. Exocytosis

C. All cells require oxygen to create energy 11. All of the following are rules of Cell Theory except for: A. Cell is the basic unit of all living things B. All living things are composed of cells C. All cells require oxygen to create energy D. All cells come from pre-exisiting cells C. All cells require oxygen to create energy

12. Prokaryotes are also known as: Bacteria

13. What is the function of the nucleus. A. Stores DNA B 13. What is the function of the nucleus? A. Stores DNA B. Protects DNA C. Control Center of the cell D. All of the above D. All of the above

14. What are two main reasons why the cell wall is important to the plant cell. Structure and support Protection

15. Why did plant cells evolve a large vacuole? Increased water storage and support

16. Why does the Rough ER appear rough? Ribosomes are studded along the Rough ER membrane making it appear “rough”.

17. The plasma membrane is composed of: A. Cells B. Phospholipid C 17. The plasma membrane is composed of: A. Cells B. Phospholipid C. Transport protiens D. Lipids Phospholipid

18. Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic? Phospholipid tails are hydrophobic

19. Explain why phospholipid heads have evolved to face the outside and inside of cells. Phospholipid heads are hydrophilic and favor the water environments inside cells and the body.

20. What is the main difference between passive and active transport? Active transport requires energy in order to send molecules against a concentration gradient

21. What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion? Diffusion goes HighLow Facilitated diffusion requires energy Diffusion uses transport proteins to move large molecules Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to move large molecules D. Facilitated diffusion uses transport proteins to move large molecules

22. Explain how the plasma membrane maintains homeostasis. Plasma membrane maintains homeostasis inside a cell by controlling what goes in and out

23. List three functions of the plasma membrane Homeostasis (“Gate Keepers”) Protection Communication

24. Which type of cell transport goes from LowHigh concentration. A 24. Which type of cell transport goes from LowHigh concentration? A. Diffusion B. Facilitated Diffusion C. Active transport D. Passive Transport C. Active Transport

25. Which two plant organelles are the only found in plants? Cell Wall and Chloroplasts