Structure and Function Plant Homeostasis Structure and Function

Flowers Organs of sexual reproduction in plants

Roots Function Provide support Absorb water Osmosis occurs at the root tip. May contain sugars that help the plant get energy

Leaf Function Contain photosynthetic cells that produce the plant’s food (Glucose) Stomates – small pores in the leaf’s surface Guard Cells – control the opening and closing of the stomates.

Water Homeostasis in Plants Stomate Open – When there is sufficient water Allows CO2 IN Allows H2O OUT Stomate Closed – Under dry conditions Keeps H2O in, but doesn’t get any CO2

Stem Function Support the plant Xylem Phloem Long thin tubes that transport water Phloem Long thin tubes that transport sugars (sap)

Water Food Transport moves water from Transport moves sugar Movement of Food and water Food Transport moves water from Roots through the Xylem To all parts of the plant. Mainly Leaves. Transport moves sugar From the Leaves through the Phloem To all parts of the plant Mainly Roots(storage)

Movement of Food and Water

Water Movement Transpiration -Water moves into roots by diffusion (osmosis). Water evaporates from the stomates creating a suction Water flows from the roots to the leaves to replace the lost water Capillary Action – movement of water into small spaces Root Pressure – diffusion of water into roots creates a pressure

Sugar Transport Pressure flow model Transport moves sugar from the leaves through the stem to all parts of the plant, mainly the roots (storage)

Regulation of Plant Growth Photoperiodism- the response a plant has to the light and dark hours Hormones- chemical messengers that regulate plant function Auxins- hormones that stimulate plant growth. Located at root tips and stems. Tropism- Plant growth towards a stimulus Phototropism- growth towards sun(leaves) Geotropism- growth towards earth(roots)

Plant Nutrition Photosynthesis- Capturing of sunlight to make food (glucose) Photosynthesis is the source of most of the oxygen in the air. Occurs within the Chloroplasts Which contains Chlorophyll (green pigment) It absorbs light energy from the sun to make glucose Chorophyll absorbs red & blue and reflects Green light

Chemical Equations for Photosynthesis and Respiration Inorganic molecules -------------------- Organic Molecules

Comparison Chart of Photosynthesis and Respiration Photosynthesis Respiration Energy- Storage Released Energy Occurs in Chloroplast Mitochondria Uses Sunlight, Co2, H2o o2, glucose Makes Glucose, o2 Co2, H2o, ATP They are Reverse reactions of each other RESPIRATION Formula