Benjamin Franklin on the purpose of daylight savings time 11/27/2018 Title: Biology 11/2/06 Objectives: To assess learning about cells and their organelles and begin learning about movement of molecules across the cell membrane Class Topics Chapter 3 Test Notes – Chapter 4 "183 nights between 20 March and 20 September times 7 hours per night of candle usage equals 1,281 hours for a half year of candle usage. Multiplying by 100,000 families gives 128,100,000 hours by candlelight. Each candle requires half a pound of tallow and wax, thus a total of 64,050,000 pounds. At a price of thirty sols per pounds of tallow and wax (two hundred sols make one livre tournois), the total sum comes to 96,075,000 livre tournois.” Benjamin Franklin on the purpose of daylight savings time Tuesday, November 27, 2018 11:05 AM

11/27/2018 Corrections Starting at the beginning of next week there will be no more corrections for a two week time period. Students are abusing the privilege and not taking homework seriously. Too many DNF and plagiarism Good luck!

Class Assignments Chapter 3 Test 11/2/06 11/27/2018 Class Assignments What By When Chapter 3 Test 11/2/06 All Chapter 3 corrections 11/6/06 Read 73-80 11/6/06 W.S. 4.1 (DR/Quiz) 11/6/06 Due this class period Due next class period Due in the future

Grade Sheet 1A – SR p. 61 - 5 pts Measurement W.S. – 10 pts 11/27/2018 Grade Sheet 1A – SR p. 61 - 5 pts Measurement W.S. – 10 pts 3A SR p. 42 – 6 pts 4A – SR p. 47 – 5 pts 2A – Measurement W.S. – 10 pts

Posttest Activities Hand in test Pick up W.S. 4.1 Correct homework 11/27/2018 Posttest Activities Hand in test Pick up W.S. 4.1 Correct homework Take advantage of this while you still can! Read 73-80

Passive Transport DIFFUSION 11/27/2018 Passive Transport The movement of molecules through a membrane without any energy from the cell. DIFFUSION Molecules will move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration Equilibrium – Concentration is equal throughout a space. End of diffusion

From: http://epswww.unm.edu/coursinf/eps462/page4.htm 11/27/2018 From: http://epswww.unm.edu/coursinf/eps462/page4.htm

Diffusion in cells Into or out of a cell 11/27/2018 Diffusion in cells Into or out of a cell Through lipid bilayer This is how water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide pass through the cell membrane Go with the concentration gradient think hill

Selectively permeable membranes 11/27/2018 Selectively permeable membranes Allows small polar or nonpolar particles through larger or polar particles do not pass

Where are the polar and nonpolar areas? 11/27/2018 Where are the polar and nonpolar areas?

Osmosis The diffusion of water (passive transport) 11/27/2018 Osmosis The diffusion of water (passive transport) 3 types of solutions hypotonic hypertonic isotonic

11/27/2018

Hypotonic high concentration of water outside of the cell 11/27/2018 Hypotonic high concentration of water outside of the cell Movement of water into the cell Cell swells Distilled water Pond water for most organisms must have contractile vacuole Cytolysis – bursting of cells

Hypertonic High concentration of water inside the cell 11/27/2018 Hypertonic High concentration of water inside the cell Water moves out of the cell Cell shrinks (plasmolysis) Salt water

Isotonic Same concentration inside and outside the cell 11/27/2018 Isotonic Same concentration inside and outside the cell No net movement of water no effect on the cell Blood plasma Why?

11/27/2018

11/27/2018

Osmotic Pressure Plants, fungus, bacteria Animals freshwater protists 11/27/2018 Osmotic Pressure Plants, fungus, bacteria Turgor pressure (on cell wall) Animals Blood plasma (isotonic) freshwater protists Contractile vacuole – sump pump