FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH CZECH ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, PRAGUE Mgr. Jan Lipavský, CSc.,Ing. Václav Hrubý, CSc. Organisation structure and science support on national level Agricultural research, Ministry of Agriculture - budget Statistical figures (attached tables) CELEBRATION OF THE 250th ANNIVERSARY OF THE ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURE OF FRANCE (May 25th 2011, Paris)

Academy of Sciences (ASCR) FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH Organisation structure and science support on national level R&D Council www.vyzkum.cz govermental body is subordinated to Prime minister Academy of Sciences (ASCR) http://www.cas.cz/index.html The supreme autonomous body of the ASCR is the Academy Assembly ASCR is public non-university research institution, which comprises a system of scientific institutes MSMT(MEYS), Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport Central organ of the state administration for scientific policy, research and development, including international cooperation in this area http://www.msmt.cz/research-and-development-1 Czech Science Foundation (GACR) promotes progress over the whole range of basic research in the Czech Republic and provide, on the basis of public tender, financial support for research projects submitted by individuals or organizations MZe(MoA), Ministry of Agriculture + Ministries http://www.mze.cz/ In the Czech Republic, the R&D&I Council is the high-level advisory body to the government on research, development and innovation, setting overall directions and priorities across the National Research and Innovation System. It is the high-level advisory body to the government on research, development and innovation, and currently has 16 members. A member of Government, normally the Prime Minister, acts as Chair, thus ensuring its legitimacy. Two expert Advisory Commissions and three S&T Expert Committees support the Council in its activities, as well as a Secretariat with a staff of 20 employees. The National R&D&I Policy 2009-2015 centralised the implementation of the R&D&I policies in a set of 7 ministries and 2 agencies the Science Foundation and the Technology Agency. The agencies and most of the Ministries provide support to R&D&I through the development of competitive research programmes. An exception is the Ministry of Industry that officially does no longer have the responsibility for targeted funding programmes, even though it currently runs a programme that will last until 2017. All Ministries distribute institutional funding to the research institutes under their responsibility.

THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH Organisation structure and science support on national level THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY Public research institutes(Academy of Siences) Sectoral public research institutes (dependent on Ministeries) Universities Private research institutions Industry The research community is predominantly composed of public research institutes constituting the Academy of Sciences, Universities, „sectoral‟ public research institutes, private research institutions, and industry. Over the last decade, public research institutes and universities considerable increased their co-operation in R&D. This was to the benefit of especially the universities and therefore the education system of the Czech republic improved internal cohesion of the Czech system as a whole.

Funding structure in the Czech Republic Evaluation Methodology (EM) FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH Organisation structure and science support on national level Funding structure in the Czech Republic Based on the Grant and Technology Agencies, plus a range of other more specialised funding sources: two pillar structure Evaluation Methodology (EM) Evaluation of institutional performance, recently updated, but need the better approach In the Czech R&D&I system, national funding is divided between two major groups of instruments: “institutional” funding and “targeted” funding. The term “targeted Funding” – in international terminology “competitive” or “project funding” - stands for three funding modes: response-mode funding, related only to basic research; competitive funding for research programmes in the field of applied research; and public tenders for projects that have the public administration as the sole user. The use of a „one size fits all‟ Evaluation Methodology (EM) for evaluating institutional performance and allocating institutional funding based on counting recent outputs is similarly problematic. The motives behind the EM are good: a desire for transparency; sending a clear signal that outputs and quality matter; and linking evaluation to policymaking. The EM has technical weaknesses and can be incrementally improved over time. However, its fundamental problems include: reducing complex acts of research and innovation to over-simple indicators of performance; failing to differentiate among classes of institution with different purposes; inducing perverse „gaming‟ behaviour; alienating a significant fraction of the research community and encouraging institutions to lock into trajectories that have been successful in the past but may not be relevant in the future. The EM needs to be replaced by an approach that combines indicators of past performance with the ability to invest in the future. The prospective component needs to have the form of a performance contract so that development and capacity building are not only made possible but also get punished or rewarded when the contracts are periodically reviewed.

About 1% of GDP from National budget for the science as a whole FINANCING OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND RESEARCH Agricultural research, Moa budget About 1% of GDP from National budget for the science as a whole of which 4,5% is dedicated to Agricultural research (Sustainable Plant and Livestock production, Food, Agricultural Economics, CAP, Forestry, Watter management, Rural development, Fishery,...)