5G Networks for Transportation: Road and Rail 5G Networks for Transportation: Project “AutoAir” - Delivering the Vision April 2018 V1.2b

Agenda The problem The solution The testbed: delivering the solution The consortium The outcomes

The Problem Poor mobile coverage in transport corridors Road Rail Connected, Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) Need constant connectivity Need low latency and high throughput 5G spectrum needs a new model There will never be multiple nationwide networks at 3.5 GHz or mmWave It is uneconomic for each network operator to build their own network

2GHz @ 60 GHz Mesh Access and Backhaul The Solution – Access and Backhaul 4G / 5G Small Cell 60 GHz Access & Backhaul 40 MHz @ 3.6 GHz 4G LTE Access 100 MHz @ 3.5 GHz 5G NR Access 2GHz @ 60 GHz Mesh Access and Backhaul Fiber POL Each Fiber POL node provides connectivity for 30 Small Cells (10km Corridor Footprint) UK has around ~16,000 km of Rail and ~16,000 km of Motorway/Major A-Road Nationwide Multi-Gigabit/sqkm 5G Transport Network can be constructed economically ~100,000 5G Small Cell Mesh nodes AutoAir is modelling the full economic cost for UK wide 5G Transportation Network

Works for Road and Rail Rail Fiber Road Fiber

The Solution – A Shared 5G Network - Neutral Host “Neutral Host” service operated by an independent operator in transport corridors * Can host all UK MNOs and other service providers (Private Networks, MVNOs) Each guest has their own slice of resources This model is already being adopted in other countries (eg: Korea) * Also works in other locations, like rural

Delivering the Solution – The Locations - Millbrook Millbrook Proving Ground, Bedfordshire 70 Km of roads 1 mile straight, 3.2 Km circumference bowl, hills, off-road Railway runs along beside mile straight Enables testing of transport use case First use case will be based on Autonomous Cars Target 1 Gbps at 160 MPH (256 Km/h) with handover

Milbrook Network Millbrook has existing funding to build Fiber backbone 23 ”Small Cell” base station sites (8m poles) Each will have fiber terminations and power AutoAir will add up to 20 additional sites Fiber mmWave Mesh Fiber Node Mesh Node Fiber (Shows potential cell sites – not the planned network)

Neutral Host Interconnect Delivering the Solution – The Locations – 5GIC Will provide Integration Hub for end-to-end systems integration Static / low speed mobility testbed Development work be focused at 5GIC Surrey Operational testing will be focused at Millbrook Devices can roam between networks MNO1 MNO2 GW Neutral Host Interconnect Virtual Core Virtual Core Roaming Interconnect MEC 5G Small Cells 5G Small Cells MEC MEC MEC Millbrook 5GIC

Delivering the Solution – Edge Computing MEC = Multi-access Edge Computing Delivers local breakout and access to resources at the edge of the network Including “first phase” of peer-to-peer communications via MEC appliance Delivers Low Latency end-to-end traffic Reducing need to traverse backhaul network Enables Privacy of Traffic Traffic delivered directly to ‘local resources’ EPC S1-C S1-U S1-U Edge Computing LAN eNB 5GNR Local Breakout Peer-to-Peer

Delivering the Solution - Analysis McLaren Atlas display and analysis system Will be enhanced as part of AutoAir Display and analyse radio parameters Time sync of data from multiple sources

The Consortium mmWave Mesh & Access Neutral Host Network Operator 5GNR Phy & Core 5GNR, mmWave Network Planning, Analysis Vehicle Telematics Core Network Test UEs and Technology MEC Nodes and Technology Vehicle Proving Ground 5G Antennas

What AutoAir will Deliver A testbed for Gbit/s services for transport Non-Standalone 5G: LTE + 5G NR Small Cells mmWave for Vehicle to Infrastructure access Backhaul via fiber and mmWave mesh Analysis of the economic case for 5G neutral host networks for transport corridors Initial theoretical modelling Compared with experimental results Legacy The network will be operated by Dense Air and Millbrook after the end of the project It will be used in the testing of vehicles, including CAVs Open to anyone who wants to use it