Role of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis

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Presentation transcript:

Role of fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis Andreas Berroth, Dipl-Ing, Jochen Kühnl, PhD, Nina Kurschat, PhD, Agatha Schwarz, PhD, Franz Stäb, PhD, Thomas Schwarz, MD, Horst Wenck, PhD, Regina Fölster-Holst, MD, Gitta Neufang, PhD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 131, Issue 6, Pages 1547-1554.e6 (June 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029 Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Atopic fibroblasts influence the proliferation and differentiation of healthy keratinocytes in OTCs. A, Histologic sections of OTCs consisting of healthy (F) or atopic (f) fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes (K) were stained for keratin 5 (green)/keratin 10 (red) and filaggrin (red). B, The layer thickness of OTCs cultured with atopic fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes (fK-OTCs) were compared with that of OTCs cultured with healthy fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes (FK-OTCs; set at 100%, n = 6). C, RNA derived from the newly formed epidermis of the OTCs was reverse transcribed into cDNA. The indicated genes were analyzed with real-time RT-PCR (n = 10). Scale bar = 50 μm. *P < .05, unpaired t test. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Healthy fibroblasts rescue the morphology of the epidermis in OTCs cultured with atopic keratinocytes. A, Histologic sections of OTCs consisting of healthy (F) or atopic (f) fibroblasts and atopic keratinocytes (k) were stained for keratin 5 (green)/keratin 10 (red) and filaggrin (red). B, The layer thickness of OTCs cultured with healthy fibroblasts and atopic keratinocytes (Fk-OTCs) were compared with that of fully atopic OTCs (fk-OTCs; set at 100%, n = 4). C, RNA derived from the newly formed epidermis of the OTCs was reverse transcribed into cDNA. The indicated genes were analyzed by using real-time RT-PCR (n = 5). Scale bar = 50 μm. *P < .05, unpaired t test. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 LIF gene expression is reduced in atopic fibroblasts and suction blisters. RNA derived from human dermal fibroblasts and suction blister roofs was reverse transcribed into cDNA, which was analyzed by using real-time RT-PCR. A and C, Gene expression in atopic fibroblasts (n = 9; Fig 3, A) and atopic suction blister roofs (n = 12; Fig 3, C) were compared with that in healthy controls (set at 1). B and D, By using the ELISA technique, the LIF protein concentrations in cell-culture supernatants of healthy and atopic fibroblasts (n = 10; Fig 3, B) and suction blister fluid (n = 8; Fig 3, D) were determined. Protein concentrations were normalized to protein content of corresponding cell lysates. *P < .05, unpaired t test. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 LIF siRNA knockdown in healthy fibroblasts reduces the ability to rescue epidermal morphology in atopic keratinocyte OTCs. A, Histologic sections of OTCs consisting of healthy fibroblasts treated with either scrambled or LIF siRNA were stained for keratin 5 (green)/keratin 10 (red) and filaggrin (red). B, The layer thickness of LIF siRNA OTCs was compared with that of the controls (scrambled siRNA OTCs; set at 100%, n = 3). C, RNA derived from the newly formed epidermis of the OTCs was reverse transcribed into cDNA. The indicated genes were analyzed by using real-time RT-PCR (n = 3). Scale bar = 50 μm. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E1 Image analysis of an OTC. A, The OTCs were stained for keratin 5 (green) and keratin 10 (red) to determine the layer thickness of the different epidermal layers. B, Lines were drawn at the borders of the different epidermal layers. C, By using ImageJ Software, the layer thickness was quantified as the median distance between the drawn lines. Five images of each OTC, approximately 4.5 to 5 mm in width, of different positions within the OTCs were analyzed. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E2 Addition of LIF alters the amount of Ki67-positive keratinocytes in OTCs. A, Ki67-positive cells were counted in OTCs cultured with atopic fibroblasts and healthy (fK) or atopic (fk) keratinocytes and compared with numbers in healthy controls (set at 100%, n = 4). B, Healthy keratinocytes were serum starved for 24 hours before being treated with supernatants of either healthy (F) or atopic (f) fibroblasts. The total cell count was determined after 96 hours and compared with that in untreated controls (set at 100%, n = 5). ∗P < .05, unpaired t test. C, Ki67-positive keratinocytes (healthy) were counted at day 6 in OTCs cultured with healthy fibroblasts with additional LIF (FK-OTC+LIF), atopic fibroblasts without (fK-OTC) and with additional LIF (fK-OTC+LIF) and were compared with numbers in healthy untreated controls (set at 100%, n = 6). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E3 Phosphorylation of STAT3 in OTCs. OTCs were stained for total STAT3 (green) and phospho-STAT3 (red) as indicated. The number of phospho-STAT–positive nuclei of 3 donors of each OTC were counted and compared with total nuclei numbers. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E4 Addition of LIF leads to a reduction in layer thickness and nuclei counts in OTCs cultured with atopic fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes. A, Histologic sections of OTCs consisting of either healthy (F) or atopic (f) fibroblasts and healthy (K) or atopic (k) keratinocytes were stained for keratin 5 (green) and keratin 10 (red). B, The layer thickness of untreated fK-OTCs (black bars) and fK-OTCs treated daily with 25 ng/mL human recombinant LIF (white bars) were compared with OTCs cultured with healthy fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes (FK-OTC; set at 100%, n = 6). C, The nuclei count of untreated fK-OTCs (black bars) and fK-OTCs treated daily with 25 ng/mL human recombinant LIF (white bars) were compared with OTCs cultured with healthy fibroblasts and healthy keratinocytes (FK-OTC; set at 100%). D, RNA derived from the newly formed epidermis of the OTCs was reverse transcribed into cDNA. The indicated genes were analyzed by using real-time RT-PCR. k5, Keratin 5–positive layer; k10, keratin 10–positive layer; sc, stratum corneum; te, total epidermis. *P < .05, unpaired t test. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1547-1554.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2013.02.029) Copyright © 2013 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions