Impact of prolonged soil moisture deficit on grassland biomass production John Hottenstein Mentors: Susan Moran, USDA – Agricultural Research Service Guillermo.

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Presentation transcript:

Impact of prolonged soil moisture deficit on grassland biomass production John Hottenstein Mentors: Susan Moran, USDA – Agricultural Research Service Guillermo Ponce-Campos, University of Arizona Main author: Morgan Ross, USDA – Agricultural Research Service Arizona Space Grant Symposium, Tucson, AZ April 12, 2014

Soil Moisture Soil moisture is used to predict plant response Long duration soil moisture deficit causes widespread mortality

Prolonged Soil Moisture Deficit Soil moisture deficit (Θdef) when the mean monthly soil moisture is below the mean monthly deficit soil moisture value Prolonged soil moisture deficit (Pθdef) occurred when soil moisture deficit continued for greater than 10 months Drought Identified Mean monthly soil moisture value If greater than 10 months then classified as a Pθdef

Data Networks In situ Remote Sensing Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN) data Remote Sensing Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI)

Objective Determine how a prolonged soil moisture deficit affected site soil moisture use efficiency.

Soil moisture use efficiency (ΘUE)

Grasslands Mesic Grasslands Arid Grasslands Light limited (LL) Annual Precipitation ≥ 500 mm Water limited (WL) Annual precipitation < 500 mm 3 of the 10 sites will be highlighted: Fort Reno, OK SCAN Network Mesic grassland Dugway, UT SCAN Network Arid grassland Cusco region, Peru Remote sensing Arid grassland

Soil Moisture Deficit Fort Reno, OK (LL) Dugway, UT (WL) Prolonged soil moisture deficit occurred in 2010 and 2012 Dugway, UT (WL) Prolonged soil moisture deficit occurred in 2011 Cusco region, Peru (WL) No prolonged soil moisture deficit occurred during study period FR DG PE

EVI and Soil Moisture Fort Reno, OK (LL) EVI becomes more correlated with precipitation after prolonged soil moisture deficit

EVI and Soil Moisture Dugway, UT (WL) Soil moisture values decrease but EVI values remain steady

EVI and Soil Moisture Cusco region, Peru (WL) Soil moisture and EVI are highly correlated

Soil Moisture Use Efficiency Fort Reno, OK (LL) Sustained higher value of ΘUE after and during prolonged soil moisture deficit Dugway, UT (WL) Single peak of ΘUE during prolonged soil moisture deficit occurrence Cusco region, Peru (WL) ΘUE remains consistent FR DG PE

Conclusions Prolonged soil moisture deficit resulted in changes of the ΘUE at both water- and light-limited sites At water-limited sites, ΘUE decreased to pre-deficit levels after the soil moisture deficit At light-limited sites, ΘUE remained high, sustaining throughout the soil moisture deficit Vs.

Acknowledgements Thank you to the Arizona NASA Space Grant Consortium, my mentors Susan Moran and Guillermo Ponce-Campos, and Morgan Ross for their help.