Covalent Bond IKATAN KOVALEN

Teaching Learning Objectives The student can explain forming single-covalent bond. The student can explain forming double-covalent bond. The student can explain forming triple-covalent bond.

Covalent bond is a bonding formade as a result of sharing a pair or more of valence electron Generally, covalent bond is formed by non metalic atoms.

1.The formation of single-covalent bond A single-covalent bond involves the sharing of a pair of electron between two atoms. Example : 1. molecule H2 H x 1H ev=1 H x oH 1H H o ev=1 H ―H RM : H2

Example 2 : Molecule Cl2 Cl Cl Cl Cl Cl―Cl RM : Cl2 2 8 7 ev=7 2 8 7

Example 3 : Molecule HCl ev = 1 Cl ev = 7 Cl H―Cl H x 2 8 7 Cl H x x H o o o o o o 17Cl ev = 7 o o 2 8 7 Cl o o o o o o Cl o H x o o o o H―Cl RM : HCl

2. The formation of double-covalent bonds A double-covalent bond is a covalent bond that involves the sharing of more than a pair of electrons between atoms. Example 1 : Molecule O2 x x 8O 2 6 ev : 6 O O═O x x o x x x O x O o x x o o o o o x x 8O 2 6 ev : 6 Rm : O2 O o o o o o x O x o O o o x x o o o x x

Example 2 : ev : 5 N N N ev : 5 N N N N ≡ N Rm : N2 2 5 2 5 7N 7N x x o x x N N o x x o o x o o 7N ev : 5 N o 2 5 o o o x x o N x o N o x x o o N ≡ N Rm : N2

Kerjakan pembentukan senyawa kovalen berikut ini: H2O CH4 CCl4 F2 C2H6 C2H4 C2H2 h. C3H8 i. NH3