European Geography Chapter I – NOT IN TEXT BOOK

While the earth is over ________________ years old While the earth is over ________________ years old.... Humans have occupied it less than a _____________________ of that time _____________ and __________________ have moved around- changing shape, size, and location.... Less than a __________________ years ago, dinosaurs could walk from North America to Europe on dry land in a warm climate

Less than a few thousand years have passed since the end of the most recent _________, creating the _______________ of today... Man probably ___________ in _________ and spread from there to every continent except ______________________ Human groups became isolated by _______________ (oceans, deserts, or mountains) and differentiated into the ___________________

Europe is _______________% of the earth's land mass- just a little larger than ______________________ Europe can be considered a _______________________ a cultural conception of differences from Asia and Africa

Europe is separated from ___________ by the ______________________________, but even more by the ________________, which dried up only a few ___________________________ago. _______________________ was influenced by the ________________ & has a much different culture & landscape in comparison to locations below the ___________________.

The _________________________ is less clear- the low and wide _________________ Mountains. So, while Europe is physically a peninsula of Asia (Eurasia) like Arabia and India, it is very different. A major reason for the uniqueness of Europe is the _______________________...

The Med. Sea is nearly closed in at the ______________________ -only ___ miles across, it is shielded from the open ocean. It has very little tide action and few violent ocean storms. The Med. Sea is over _________________ long but, is subdivided by islands and peninsulas into lesser seas with identities of their own- _________________________

The Med. Sea made it possible to travel ___________________ without being far from _______________- and aided the development of navigation from early times It is easy to cross from Europe to Africa at the Strait of Gibraltar and from ______________ at the ________________ in ___________, so populations mixed through early migrations. _________ miles long _________ miles wide

Mountains In southern Europe and along its entire length- is a series of mountains The ___________ shut off _________ from the north The _____________ isolate ___________ The ________________ separate the Balkan Peninsula near __________ & __________ Due to the ___________________, France is the only country that is both ____________ and ________________ in its culture

Rivers Until recently, rivers have provided ________________ and give access to the ___________________ * Most of the important older cities of Europe are on rivers… FOR WHAT REASONS WOULD MAJOR CITIES DEVELOP ON RIVERS?

Important Cities & Rivers ____________ on the Seine ____________ on the Vistula London on the __________________ ______________ on the Rhone Rome on the _________________ _____________ on the Vitava __________________ on the Dnieper Berlin on the ___________________ Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest on the ______________

Climates Climate depends on factors such as __________, ocean ___________ and _________ that bring rainfall Europe is as far north as _______________ and ____________________ Rome and Madrid are same latitude as New York; Stockholm and St. Petersburg are the same as the center of the Hudson Bay Because of _________________, parts of Europe near the sea have less _____________________, but the ______________ are cold enough to keep out certain ________________________

Europe is the only continent (with civilizations) without a _____________ & has _____________ which make ____________ easier than other places Since the end of the last ___________, Europe has been one of the most favored places on the globe for _____________________. Climate changes... ______________ in _____________ and Tunisia's interiors remind us that their climates were once ________________

Distance: Its effects vary according to the means of transportation... For most of human history neither persons, _____________, nor commands could _______________ much more than _____________________ took _____ weeks to travel from London to ____________ _______ weeks to __________________ letters. Most of history, Europe was made up of ____________ of territory with own _____________, way of life, and manner of ___________________. A “________________" might come from a ____________ miles away or only ________________