Normalization of urinary biomarkers to creatinine during changes in glomerular filtration rate Sushrut S. Waikar, Venkata S. Sabbisetti, Joseph V. Bonventre Kidney International Volume 78, Issue 5, Pages 486-494 (September 2010) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2010.165 Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after severe acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 10ml/min). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate. Kidney International 2010 78, 486-494DOI: (10.1038/ki.2010.165) Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after mild acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 40ml/min). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate. Kidney International 2010 78, 486-494DOI: (10.1038/ki.2010.165) Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after severe acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 10ml/min, followed 5 days later by a linear increase to 100ml/min over 24h (diagonal arrow)). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate. Kidney International 2010 78, 486-494DOI: (10.1038/ki.2010.165) Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 4 Changes in the urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration after prompt graft function and delayed graft function. The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate. Kidney International 2010 78, 486-494DOI: (10.1038/ki.2010.165) Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 5 Graphical comparison of extrapolated 24h urinary KIM-1 excretion rate (y axis) versus normalized urinary KIM-1/creatinine ratio. The solid diagonal line represents the line of identity. Three outlier measurements from subject #31 are excluded (see Table 3). KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1. Kidney International 2010 78, 486-494DOI: (10.1038/ki.2010.165) Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions