Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 PowerPoint Review

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 Republican Party: Party united against the spread of slavery in the West Formed by anti-slavery Whigs, Democrats, Free-Soilers, & abolitionists Dem. James Buchanan wins election of 1856 over Rep. John C. Frémont Won 14/15 slave states

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 Dred Scott: Slave of Dr. John Emerson, an army surgeon Sues for freedom Taken to free North by owner, taken back to Missouri, owner dies Citizen? Lived in free state make him free? Slavery constitutional in west? Taney ruled: Not citizens, cannot sue Slaves property, not free even though taken to free states Congress couldn’t prohibit slaves in territories because they were considered to be “property”

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 Lincoln-Douglas Debates: Illinois Senate seat Lincoln was against spread of slavery Douglas believed in popular sovereignty Lincoln argued, if Congress couldn’t ban slavery, how could people vote against it He also stated that the nation could not remain divided on the issue of slavery.

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 John Brown: Led rebellion to arm slaves at Harper’s Ferry Virginia Attack armory to arm slaves Failed Colonel Robert E. Lee was sent to handle Brown and his men Convicted of murder, treason, and conspiracy

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 Election of 1860: Democratic party splits; N. Dem.- Stephen Douglas S. Dem.- John Breckinridge Constitutional Union- John Bell Republicans- Abraham Lincoln Lincoln wins carrying most of the North Did not campaign in the south South losing power

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 Secession? Lincoln insisted that he would not change slavery in the south but would not allow it to expand This concept angered many southerners Feared it would ruin their “way of life” Within a week of Lincoln’s inauguration, SC calls for a special convention Debated the issue of secession Is this legal?

Ch. 15 Sec. 3, 4 “Political Divisions & Nation Divides” P. 488-497 South Secedes: December 20th, 1860 South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas all seceded from the Union Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis elected as President Was reluctant to become President of the Confederacy Lincoln did not believe they had the right to leave Did not want war, hoped that if given time the Southern States would return to the Union