Videos to load prior to powerpoint https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QoIafzc0k74 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JGc3v56_ZZY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AYGWfZVvVU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwKR08t5BGA

Key Issue: Why do States Cooperate with Each Other? (Supranationalism) 8-3 Political geography Key Issue: Why do States Cooperate with Each Other? (Supranationalism)

Easy Answer! There are 2 reasons: Security (Political/Military) Wealth (Economic)

I. Security A) The United Nations Bottom Line: (general notes from video) Bottom Line: Global “Political” organization

Where is the UN located????

B) Cold War (Bipolar world) NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Bottom Line: Military Organization

C) Other Regional Political/Military Organizations: (these are just a few examples) OAS (Organization of American States) AU (African Union) Commonwealth (UK and 52 former British colonies)

II. Economic A) Bipolar World (1945 – 1980’s) B) Post Cold War World (1990 – today?) Two Big Differences: 1) Economic not military* 2) Leading “Superpower” NOT a country but a economic union called the _________ _________

C) Benefits of the EU (European Union) 1) Schengen Treaty – Free movement across all borders in the EU. 2) Same currency – “Euro” 3) Peace in Europe 4) Global Economic Power .

What country is the strongest economic power in the EU?

This One!!! As a group What are These countries Called? A D E C What’s This region Called? B

D) Disadvantages of the EU Same as for all “Supranational” organizations…each state has to give up some ____________________. Europe today…

Will the EU fracture? Should they repair it? Could they? The future????

III. NAFTA (Our Economic Supranational Organization) A) Stands for… “North American Free Trade Agreement” B) Between Canada, USA & Mexico C) “Free Trade” (no tariffs, quotas, etc.)

The End!

The End!

Key Issue 4: Why Has Terrorism Increased? Point 1 – Terrorism is the systematic use of violence by a group in order to intimidate a population or coerce a government into granting its demands. Point 2 – Terrorists believe that violence is necessary to bring widespread publicity to goals and grievances that are not being addressed through peaceful means. Point 3 – Terrorists may strongly believe in their cause to the point of freely and purposely committing suicide to commit violent acts.

Point 4 – Terrorism differs from assassinations and other acts of political violence because attacks are aimed at ordinary people rather than military targets or political leaders. Terrorists consider all citizens responsible for the actions being opposed so all citizens qualify as targets. Point 5 – Terrorism is not always easy to define. What is considered a terrorist attack by one group is NOT necessarily looked at that way by another group.

I. Terrorism by Individuals and Organizations A) Many terrorist attacks against US during the 1990’s: (DO NOT NEED TO COPY ALL) Pan Am Flight 103 over Scotland (1988) – 270 dead Car bomb in World trade Center (1993) – 6 dead, 1000 injured Car Bomb in Oklahoma City (1995) – 168 dead US embassies in Kenya and Tanzania (1998) 190 dead, 5000 injured World Trade Center (2001) – almost 3000 dead *Truck bomb in Saudi Arabia (1996) killed 19 US soldiers *Boat bomb in Yemen (2000) – killed 17 US soldiers on board USS Cole

B) American Terrorists(examples) 1 – Unabomber killed 3, injured 17 2 – Timothy McVeigh

C) Al-Qaeda 1 – Founder – Osama bin Laden 2 – Afghanistan 3 – Organization 4 – 1996 Fatwa (Declaration of Holy War)

5 – 9/11 Details 3,000 fatalities 93 on American Airlines Flight 11 – WTC Tower 1 65 on United Airlines flight 175 – WTC Tower 2 2,605 in the WTC

64 on American Airlines Flight 77 – crashed into Pentagon 125 in Pentagon itself 44 on United Airlines flight 93 – crashed in Penn. field

What type of technology? World Trade Center 2000

September 15, 2001

New slide added last year: Osama bin Laden killed by US Military- May 2011

Homework(264 – 268, omit 267) II. State Support of Terrorism A) 3 levels of support for terrorism (3 lines) B) State Sponsors of terrorism 1 – Libya 2 – Afghanistan 3 – Iraq 4 – Iran 5 - Pakistan The End!