CHEM 110 Dr. Suzan A. Khayyat

الاسم : د. سوزان عبدالرحمن خياط أستاذ مشارك في الكيمياء العضوية- قسم الكيمياء كلية العلوم (فرع الفيصلية) – جامعة الملك عبدالعزيز غرفة رقم 314A الدور الثالث البريد الإلكتروني saekhayyat@kau.edu.sa

CHEM 110 Course Objectives: Course No. Course Title No. of Units Pre-requisites Th. Pr. Credit   Chem 110 General Chemistry  I 3 - Course Objectives: The course aims to introduce students to the basic knowledge and principles of chemistry.   Course Description: It provides an introduction to the general principles of chemistry for students planning a professional career in chemistry, a related science, the health professions, or engineering. By the end of this course the student will be able to understand the following: Significant figures, scientific notation and units, stoichiometry, atomic structure & periodic table, chemical bonding, gases, ionic equilibrium, basic principles of organic and basic principles of biochemistry.

Chemistry – 10th Edition by Raymond Chang Main text book:   Chemistry, by Chang, 10th. ed., 2007, McGraw-Hill. Or any updated versions (Chapters: 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,14,15,24,25)

Interactive - training sciences.kau.edu.sa/Pages-Interactive-training-sites.aspx طريقة أخرى للدخول على موقع الأسئلة التدريبية: موقع الجامعة ← الكليات ← كلية العلوم ← مواقع التدريب الالكتروني

السياسة الواجب على الطالبة الالتزام بها على الطالبة الالتزام بالتالي: حضور المحاضرة في وقتها المحدد، عدم تكرار التأخر عن المحاضرة، حضور الامتحانات في موعدها المحدد، أداء الواجبات المطلوبة. الطالبة التي تزيد نسبة غيابها عن 25% من مجموع المحاضرات دون عذر، تحرم من دخول الامتحان النهائي.  الطالبة التي تتخلف عن الاختبار لن يعاد لها الاختبار (إلا في حالة الظروف القاهرة لا سمح الله). عدم ارتداء العباءة في قاعة الامتحان. يجب على الطالبة إحضار الأدوات التي تحتاجها في الامتحان والآلة الحاسبة الخاصة بها. عدم استخدام الجوال كآلة حاسبة في الامتحان.   في حالة الغش تسحب ورقة الطالبة فوراً وتحرم من استكمال الاختبار وتقدم للجنة تأديبية.                                                                     مع أطيب التمنيات بالتوفيق،،،،

Course Grading First exam :30 Second exam: 30 Final term exam: 40 marks Total: 100 امتحان دوري أول:      30  درجة امتحان دوري ثاني:     30  درجة امتحان نهائي:           40  درجة ____________________ المجموع:               100  درجة

التقديرات الدرجات التقدير 100-95 A+ 94-90 A 89-85 B+ 84-80 B 79-75 C+ 74-70 C 64-60 D ˃ 60 F

Chapter 1 The Study of Change

Chemistry Is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes

1.7 Measurement (p.15-20) SI units . Mass and Weight Volume Density Temperature Scales. Table 1.2 & Table 1.3 Examples 1.1-1.2-1.3

International System of Units The SI System Metric System Length (L) Mass (M) Weight (W) Density (D) Volume (V) Temperature (T) Time (second)

International System of Units (SI)

استخدام البادئات (مضاعفات أو أجزاء) هو من أجل التبسيط والاختصار للكميات المقاسة 1.7

÷ x مسطرة التحويلات Perfixes Scale p K n  M G T c d m 103 103 103 103 unit p K n  m 103 M G T 103 103 103 c d 103 103 103 103 10-9 10-6 10-3 10-2 10-1 1 103 106 109 1012 10-12 ÷ x مسطرة التحويلات Perfixes Scale

Prefixes used with SI Unit unit (meter-m), (gram-g), (liter-L) Exa (E)= 1018 Peta (P)= 1015 Bigger unit X 10-n المضاعفات Tera (T)= 1012 Gega (G)= 109 Mega (M)= 106 kilo (k)= 103 hecto (h)= 102 deca (da)= 101 unit (meter-m), (gram-g), (liter-L) dece (d)= 10-1 centi (c)= 10-2 mili (m)= 10-3 micro (m)= 10-6 nano (n)= 10-9 smaller unit X 10+n pico (p)= 10-12 femto (f)= 10-15 atto (a)= 10-18 الأجـــزاء

Example The SI prefixes giga- and micro represent, respectively: (b) 106 and 10-3 (c) 103 and 10-3 (d) 109 and 10-6

Tera (1012) kilo (103) dece (10-1) nano (10-9) Mega (106) nano (10-9) 1- التحويل بين وحدات أكبر من الوحدة الأساسية (المضاعفات) (نأخذ فرق الأسس المطلقة بين الوحدات المراد التحويل بينها) Tera (1012) kilo (103) 2- التحويل بين وحدات أصغر من الوحدة الأساسية (الأجزاء) (نأخذ فرق الأسس المطلقة بين الوحدات المراد التحويل بينها) dece (10-1) nano (10-9) 3- التحويل بين المضاعفات والأجزاء مروراً بالوحدة الأساسية (نجمع الأسس المطلقة للوحدات المراد التحويل بينها) Mega (106) nano (10-9) ملحوظة مهمة في حالة التحويل من وحدة كبيرة إلى وحدة صغيرة نضرب في معامل بأس موجب أما في حالة التحويل من وحدة صغيرة إلى وحدة كبيرة نضرب في معامل بأس سالب

Which of the following is the smallest distance? (a) 21 m (b) 2.1 x 102 cm (c) 21 mm (d) 2.1 x 104 pm Put all of them in the same unit → 21m → 2.1m → 0.021 m → 2.1 x 10-8 m

Measurement 1- mass is a measure of the quantity of matter in an object SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg) 1 kg = 1000 g = 1 x 103 g weight - force that gravity exerts on an object

weight = c x mass A 1 kg bar will weigh The Mass of an object doesn't change when an object's location changes. Weight, on the other hand does change with location. weight = c x mass on earth, c = 1.0 on moon, c ~ 0.1 A 1 kg bar will weigh 1 kg on earth 0.1 kg on moon

2- Volume – SI derived unit for volume is cubic meter (m3) Volume = width × length × height = m × m × m = m3 1 dm3 = (1 x 10-1 m)3 = 1 x 10-3 m3 1 cm3 = (1 x 10-2 m)3 = 1 x 10-6 m3

The relationship between (L), (mL) and metric system 1 L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3 1 L = 1 dm3 1 mL = 1 cm3

Examples Convert the followings to m3 2.5x104 cm3 1.20x 10-3 dm3 Convert the followings to mL 800 L 3.09 cm3

Examples The diameter of an atom is approximately 1  10-7 mm. What is this diameter when expressed in nanometers?  A. 1  10-18 nm B. 1  10-15 nm C. 1  10-9 nm D. 1  10-1 nm How many cubic centimeters are there in exactly one cubic meter?  A. 1  10-6 cm3 B. 1  10-3 cm3 C. 1  10-2 cm3 D. 1  106 cm3

m d v 3- Density – SI derived unit for density is kg/m3 mass m volume d = m V d v 1 g/cm3 = 1 g/mL = 1000 kg/m3 1 g/mL = 1×10-3 g/L

A piece of platinum metal with a density of 21 A piece of platinum metal with a density of 21.5 g/cm3 has a volume of 4.49 cm3. What is its mass? d = m V

Common unit of volume is liter (L) and milliliter (mL) 1 L = 1000 mL = 1000 cm3 = 1 dm3 The relationship between (L), (mL) and metric system 1 mL = 1 cm3 1 L = 1 dm3

Example

4-Temperature Scales There are three temperature scales, their units are: 1. Degrees Celsius 0C 2. Degrees Fahrenheit 0F 3. Kelvin K Kelvin is the SI Base Unit of Temperature

K = 0C + 273.15 273 K = 0 0C 373 K = 100 0C

Example 1.3: (a) Convert 224 0C → 0F? °F = [(9 /5 ) × °C ] + 32 [°F = (9 /5 ) × 224 °C] + 32 = 435 0F (b) Convert -452 0F → 0C ? °C = (5 /9 ) (°F - 32 ) °C = (5 /9 ) (-452 - 32 ) = -269 0C (c) Convert -38.9 0C → K ? ° K = -38.9 °C + 273.15 = 234.3 K

Temperature Units Conversion K → °C or °C → K K = °C + 273.15 °C = K - 273.15 °F → °C or °C → °F °F = [ (9/5) × °C] + 32 °C = (5/9) (°F - 32) No relatationship between K → °F or °F → K Thus: K → 0C → 0F or 0F → 0C → K

Which of the following is not an SI base unit? A) kilometer B) 1 Which of the following is not an SI base unit?   A) kilometer B) kilogram C) second D) Kelvin 2. Which of the following SI base units is not commonly used in chemistry?   A) kilogram B) kelvin C) candela D) mole 3 Which of the following prefixes means 1/1000?   A) kilo B) deci C) centi D) milli 19/03/1440

What temperature is 95 °F when converted to degrees Celsius? 4. What temperature is 95 °F when converted to degrees Celsius?   A) 63 °C B) 35 °C C) 127 °C D) 15 °C 5. What temperature is 37 °C when converted to kelvin?   A) 310 K B) 99 K C) 236 K D) 67 K . 6 What temperature is 77 K when converted to degrees Celsius?   A) –296 °C B) 105 °C C) –196 °C D) 25 °C 19/03/1440

7. Lithium is the least dens metal known (density= 0. 53 g/cm3 ) 7. Lithium is the least dens metal known (density= 0.53 g/cm3 ). What is the volume occupied by 1.2x103 g of lithium?  A. 0.0875 cm3 B. 11.4 cm3 C. 0.44x10-3 cm3 D. 2.26x103 cm3 8. Convert -77F to kalvin ?  A. 212.6 K B. -212.6 K C. -28.1 K D. +13.5 K 9 Express 7.5 ng as Tg   A. 7.5 X10-21Tg B. 75 X1024 Tg C. 0.75 Tg D. 7.5 X1021 Tg 19/03/1440

What is 22.6 m when converted to decimeters? A) 0.226 dm B) 2.26 dm C) 10 What is 22.6 m when converted to decimeters?   A) 0.226 dm B) 2.26 dm C) 226 dm D) 2.26 x 10–3 dm 11 What is 25.4 mg when converted to kilograms?   A) 2540 kg B) 2.54 x10–5 kg C) 2.54 kg D) 2.54 x 104 kg 12 At what temperature does the numerical reading on a Celsius thermometer equal that on a Fahrenheit thermometer?   A) 0 °C B) –40 °C C) 100 °C D) –32 °C 19/03/1440

14. Ammonia boils at -33.4C. What temperature is this in F? 13. The SI prefixes giga and micro represent, respectively:  A. 10-9 and 10-6. B. 106 and 10-3. C. 103 and 10-3. D. 109 and 10-6. E. 10-9 and 10-3.   14. Ammonia boils at -33.4C. What temperature is this in F?  A. -60.1F B. -92.1F C. -28.1F D. +13.5F 15. Which of the following prefixes is not correct? A.Kilo- k 10-3 B. micro- µ 10-6 C. nano- n 10-9 D.deci- d 10-1 19/03/1440

17. Express 5500 nm as picometers. A.5.5  10-6 pm B.55.0 pm C.550 pm 16. Candela (cd) is the SI base unit of A. time B.length C. luminous intensity D.electrical current 17. Express 5500 nm as picometers.  A.5.5  10-6 pm B.55.0 pm C.550 pm D.5.5  106 pm 18. The SI prefix giga represents:  A.10-6 B.106 C.103 D.109 19 Which of the following prefixes means 106 ?   A. Mega B. nano C. Tera D. milli 19/03/1440

Which of the following prefixes means 1/100? A. kilo B. deci C. Centi 20. A piece of iron (Fe) metal weighing 194.3 g is placed in a graduated cylinder containing 242.0 mL of water. The volume of water now reads 260.5 mL. From these data calculate the density of iron. A.10.5 g/cm3 B.1.25 g/cm3 C.0.746 g/cm3 D.21.0 g/cm3 21 Which of the following SI base units is used to measure Electrical Current?   A. candela B. kelvin C. Ampere D. mole 22 Which of the following prefixes means 1/100?   A. kilo B. deci C. Centi D. milli 19/03/1440

23 Which of the following SI base units is not commonly used in chemistry?   A. kilogram B. kelvin C. ampere D. mole 24. The diameter of an atom is approximately 1  10-7 mm. What is this diameter when expressed in nanometers?  A. 1  10-18 nm B. 1  10-15 nm C. 1  10-9 nm D. 1  10-1 nm 25. Express 75 Tg as pg   A. 7.5 pg B. 75 X1024 pg C. 0.75 pg D. 75 X10-24 pg 19/03/1440

26. The SI unit of time is the A. hour B. Second C. minute D. ampere 27 The following procedure was used to determine the volume of a flask. The flask was weighted dry and then filled with water. If the masses of empty flask and filled flask were 56.12g and 87.39g,respectively, and the density of water is 0.9976g/cm3, Calculate the volume of the flask in cm3 ?   A. 56.255 cm3 B. 87.6 cm3 C. 31.345 cm3 D. 143.855 28. Express 2200 nm as picometers   A. 2.2X10-7 pm B. 22.0 pm C. 220 pm D. 2.2X106 pm 19/03/1440

30. The SI prefixes Tara and nano represent, respectively: 29. The SI prefixes kilo and milli represent, respectively:  A. 10-9 and 10-6 B. 106 and 10-3 C. 103 and 10-3 D. 109 and 10-6 E. 10-9 and 10-3 30. The SI prefixes Tara and nano represent, respectively:  A. 10-9 and 10-6 B. 106 and 10-3 C. 103 and 10-3 D. 1012 and 10-9 31. The density of octane is 0.702 g/cm3. what is the mass of 65 mL of octane?  A. 45.6 g B. 92.6 g C. 22.5 g D. 110 g 19/03/1440

32. How many cubic centimeters are there in exactly one cubic meter? A. 1  10-6 cm3 B. 1  10-3 cm3 C. 1  10-2 cm3 D. 1  106 cm3 33. 6.0 km is how many micrometers?  A. 6.0  106 µm B. 1.7  10-7 µm C. 6.0  109 µm D. 1.7  10-4 µm 34. Ammonia boils at -33.4C. What temperature is this in F?  A. -60.1F B. -92.1F C. -28.1F D. +13.5F 35. At what temperature does the numerical reading on a Fahrenheit thermometer equal that on a Celsius thermometer? A. 0 °F B. –40 °F C. 100 °F D. –32 °F 19/03/1440

36. How many cm2 are there in exactly m2 ?  A. 1  10-6 cm3 B. 1  10-3 cm3 C. 1  10-2 cm3 D. 1  104 cm2 37. Which of these quantities represents the largest mass?  A. 2.0  102 mg B. 0.0010 kg C. 1.0  105 g D. 2.0  102 cg 38. Which of these quantities represents the smallest mass?  A. 2.0  102 mg B. 0.0010 kg C. 1.0  105 g D. 2.0  102 cg

39. Convert -77F to kalvin ?  A. 212.6 K B. -212.6 K C. -28.1 K D. +13.5 K 40. Which of the following prefixes is not correct A. deci- d 10 B. kilo- K 103 C. Pico - p 10-12 D. micro- M 10-6 41. A lead sphere has a mass of 1.2x104 g, and its volume is 1.05x103 cm3. Calculate the density of lead ?  A. 0.0875 g/cm3 B. 11.4 g/cm3 C. 1.26x107 g/cm3 D. 0.8 g/cm3