Aurora Kinase A Is Upregulated in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Represents a Potential Therapeutic Target Daniel Humme, Ahmed Haider, Markus Möbs, Hiroshi.

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Aurora Kinase A Is Upregulated in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma and Represents a Potential Therapeutic Target Daniel Humme, Ahmed Haider, Markus Möbs, Hiroshi Mitsui, Mayte Suárez-Fariñas, Hanako Ohmatsu, Cyprienne Isabell Geilen, Jürgen Eberle, James G. Krueger, Marc Beyer, Michael Hummel, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Wolfram Sterry, Chalid Assaf Journal of Investigative Dermatology Volume 135, Issue 9, Pages 2292-2300 (September 2015) DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.139 Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Aurora kinase A (AURKA) expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cells. (a) Representative immunohistochemistry stainings with anti-Aurora A antibody (AURKA) of skin samples from individuals with folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (MF) patch stage and tumor stage (scale bar=100 μm) and Sézary syndrome (scale bar=200 μm) and as controls eczema and psoriasis (scale bar=100 μm). (b) Significant protein expression of AURKA in four CTCL cell lines compared with stimulated (phytohemaglutinin (PHA+) and unstimulated (PHA-) normal CD4+ T cells is demonstrated by western blotting. Expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was analyzed as loading control. Highly comparable results were obtained from two independent series of protein extracts. (c) Reverse-transcriptase–PCR (RT-PCR) of cell lines. (c) Significant protein expression of AURKA in four cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines is demonstrated by western blotting. Expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was analyzed as loading control. Highly comparable results were obtained from two independent series of protein extracts. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2015 135, 2292-2300DOI: (10.1038/jid.2015.139) Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Aurora kinase A (AURKA) expression in Sézary syndrome (SS) patients and healthy controls. The mRNA expression of AURKA was quantified by quantitative reverse-transcriptase–PCR (RT-PCR) in CD4+ cells of SS patients with high numbers of circulating tumor cells and CD4+ memory T cells of healthy volunteers. (a) AURKA expression values of individual samples relative to TATA box–binding protein (TBP). Error bars indicate s.e.m. normalized expression values of triplicates. (b) Whisker-box plot of the expression ratio between SS samples and healthy controls. The dotted line represents the median value, the box area encompasses 50% of all observations, and the whiskers represent the outer 50% of observations. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2015 135, 2292-2300DOI: (10.1038/jid.2015.139) Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Cell viability after Aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibition in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell lines. (a) Four CTCL cell lines and phytohemaglutinin (PHA)- stimulated proliferating CD4+ T cells were incubated with different concentrations of MLN8237 for 48 hours, and the number of viable cells was determined by WST-1 assay. Values are given in % of optical density of treated samples compared with samples treated with solvent (DMSO) after correction by the values of a “medium only” control. Error bars indicate s.d. of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. (b) Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) staining of unstimulated (left panel) and PHA-stimulated (right panel) primary CD4+ T cells. In stimulated T cells, the staining intensity is diminished with each proliferation cycle, proving the proliferation of stimulated cells with a maximum of three divisions. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2015 135, 2292-2300DOI: (10.1038/jid.2015.139) Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Analysis of cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in SeAx, Hut-78, and MyLa cells. Cells were treated with MLN8237 for 24 hours and analyzed for cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction by propidium iodide staining of ethanol-fixed cells and by flow cytometry. (a) Percentage of cells showing induction of apoptosis (sub-G1) and within the different phases of the cell cycle. Error bars indicate s.d. of results from two (Hut78) or three independent experiments. (b) Histogram plots of one representative experiment. The symbols for the populations of cells within the different phases of the cell cycle are as in a. (c) Activation of caspase-3 is demonstrated by increasing the levels of the activated cleavage products of 15 and 19 kDa in Hut-78 upon stimulation with 0.1 and 1 μM of the Aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibitor MLN8237. In contrast, the caspase-3 proform (37 kDa) and the loading control glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; also 37 kDa) remained unaffected. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2015 135, 2292-2300DOI: (10.1038/jid.2015.139) Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 Schematic overview of the interaction of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) and known decisive factors associated with proliferation and differentiation in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Journal of Investigative Dermatology 2015 135, 2292-2300DOI: (10.1038/jid.2015.139) Copyright © 2015 The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Inc Terms and Conditions