Agenda 1. Warm Up 2. Discussion: The Reign of Napoleon 3. Match Making: French Revolution 5. Study Guide Work HW: Continue working on SG

Warm Up List three reasons why the French Revolution happened? The period of the French Revolution in which the most executions took place was called…

The Reign of Napoleon

The Directory Period After Robespierre, moderates took over. Power was with the upper-middle class, executive group of five men. Napoleon is the general of France’s army.

Napoleon takes power Begins career fighting the Royal rebels attempted to attack National Convention, 1795. Leads a coup d’Etat against the Directory, who lost control of the chaotic situation in Europe. He controlled the army, so he drives out the Directory, and becomes First Consul. People held a plebiscite to vote for new Constitution. Napoleon chosen for his strong leadership.

Napoleonic Codes He allowed reform, but promoted order and stability similar to a dictator. Set up tax collections, and a national banking system. Reduced government corruption by: Removing corrupt officials. Setting up “lycees” to educate students so they could work for government. The Church was no longer part of the State. Napoleonic Code: uniform set of laws that limited social freedom and the rights of Citizens.

The French Empire: Napoleon Style 1804, Napoleon is crowned as Emperor. Scandal!!! He crowns HIMSELF! He wants to expand the French Empire. Sells Louisiana to the United States, (1803) Needs the money, and it makes Britain look bad.

Conquering Europe French forces are unstoppable against Britain, Austria, and Russia. Central Europe would sign peace treaties with Napoleon. Attempts to take Britain failed. Battle of Trafalgar- French/Spanish Navy is defeated by smaller British Navy. French Empire would reach height in 1812.

Napoleon’s Mistake #1: Continental System Blockade to prevent communication between Great Britain and Europe. Napoleon thought Europe would be self-sufficient. Britain allowed its own blockade, and caused economic turmoil in France.

Mistake #2: Peninsular War Napoleon disregarded Spain and invaded Portugal in 1808. People begin to rebel in Spain. Guerrilla warfare would weaken French forces (they couldn’t figure out how to fight them) Britain would help the rebels against the French.

Mistake #3: Invasion of Russia Decided to attack Alexander I for selling grain to Britain. Russians would retreat in a “scorched-earth” policy, leaving no supplies for the invading army. The winter and Russian raiders would attack troops sporadically in -30 degree weather. Begins war with 422,000 and leaves with less than 10,000.

The Downfall Europe fights against France, including Austria. 1814, Russia and Prussia make it to Paris. Napoleon’s generals refuse to fight. Exiled to Elba, Louis XVIII takes power in France. 1815, Napoleon escapes, rounds up an army, and takes France from the King. Quickly removed from power after 100 days. Battle of Waterloo- Final stand for Napoleon.

Restoring Stability in France Foreign Minister of Austria, Metternich, leads the Congress of Vienna. Distrusted the Revolution Prevent French aggression by surrounding it with stronger countries. Contain France Restore a balance of power. (Alliances) Restore Europe’s royal families.