Emotional Intelligence What is it and how can it make my job less stressful? Corey D. Smith, PsyD Maine Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency

Disclosures Nothing to declare No conflicts of interest

Burnout Emotional exhaustion Depersonalization Reduced personal accomplishment

Burnout and the Pharmacist Pharmacists Community vs. other settings 2016 Pharmacist Salary Survey A day in the life… Burnout vs. Depression? Teachers are not immune!

Measurement Maslach Burnout Inventory Oldenburg Inventory Physician work-life Study – single question Mini Z Copenhagen Burnout Inventory

Emotional Intelligence “… the ability to perceive accurately, appraise and express emotion; the ability to access and/or generate feelings when they facilitate thought; the ability to understand emotion and emotional knowledge; and the ability to regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth.” Mayer and Salovey (1997; p. 10)

Emotional Intelligence Model types Ability Emotional perception Use of emotion Understanding emotions Managing emotions Mixed Self Awareness Self Regulation Social Skills Empathy Motivation Trait Personality Self perceptions of abilities

Measurement Performance vs. Self report Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) Emotional Quotient Inventory 2.0 (EQ-I 2.0) Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)

Correlates with EI (Mayer 2008) Improved social interactions Perceptions of others Improved relationships Academic achievement Better negotiators Improved occupational social skills Wellness Self Compassion

What’s the connection? Significant negative correlation between EI and personal accomplishment (Nastasa and Farcas 2015) EI coaching had no observable benefit on job satisfaction during organizational change (Seymour, et.al. 2017) Statement calling for the inclusion of EI curricula in Pharmacy education to promote CAPE outcomes (Nelson, et.al. 2015)

What now? Skill building! Self-awareness – Jon Kabot Zinn, Thich Nhat Hanh, Shauna Shapiro Self-regulation – Coping skills Social Skills – Dale Carnegie, etc. Empathy – Perspective taking, MI training, reflections practice Motivation – Check yourself! Polnariev

References El-Ibiary, S. Y., Yam, L., & Lee, K. C. (2017). Assessment of Burnout and Associated Risk Factors Among Pharmacy Practice Faculty in the United States. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 81(4), 75. http://doi.org/10.5688/ajpe81475 Freudenberger, H. J. (1974). Staff Burn-Out. Journal of Social Issues,30(1), 159-165. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1974.tb00706.x F., W.Chen, M., G., P., Busum, V., R., K., F., . . . M. (2013, October 09). Quality of Patient Care Drives Physician Satisfaction; Doctors Have Concerns About Electronic Health Records. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR439.html Gebhart F. (2016). Pharmacy salary survey. http://drugtopics.modernmedicine.com/drug-topics/news/pharmacy-salary-survey-2016?page=0,1 The Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual - ResearchGate. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/277816643_The_Maslach_Burnout_Inventory_Manual Mayer, J. D (2008). "Human Abilities: Emotional Intelligence". Annual Review of Psychology. 59: 507–536. Mayer J. D., Salovey P. (1997). “What is emotional intelligence?,” in Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence: Implications for Educators, eds Salovey P., Sluyter D., editors. (New York, NY: Basic Books; ), 3–31. Mott, D. A., Doucette, W. R., Gaither, C. A., Pedersen, C. A., & Schommer, J. C. (2004). Pharmacists’ Attitudes Toward Worklife: Results From a National Survey of Pharmacists. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association,44(3), 326-336. doi:10.1331/154434504323063968 Năstasă, L., & Fărcaş, A. D. (2015). The Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Burnout in Healthcare Professionals. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences,187, 78-82. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.03.015 Nelson, M. H., Fierke, K. K., Sucher, B. J., & Janke, K. K. (2015). Including Emotional Intelligence in Pharmacy Curricula to Help Achieve CAPE Outcomes. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education,79(4), 48. doi:10.5688/ajpe79448 Polnariev, A., PharmD, MS. (2015). How EQ Can Elevate Pharmacy IQ. Retrieved from https://www.pharmacytimes.com/contributor/alan-polnariev-pharmd-ms- cgp/2015/07/how-eq-can-elevate-pharmacy-iqPolnariev, A., PharmD, MS. (2015). How EQ Can Elevate Pharmacy IQ. Retrieved from https://www.pharmacytimes.com/contributor/alan-polnariev-pharmd-ms-cgp/2015/07/how-eq-can-elevate-pharmacy-iq Seymour, N., Jansen, S., Feng, L., Ayres, S., Austin, Z., Seabrook, J. A., & Jones, P. M. (2017). Impact of emotional intelligence coaching on job satisfaction of pharmacists during organizational changes. Journal of Hospital Administration, 6(4), 39. doi:10.5430/jha.v6n4p39