Vplyv medicínskych faktorov na kvalitu života pacientov po obličkovej transplantácii v závislosti od veku Rosenberger.

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Presentation transcript:

Vplyv medicínskych faktorov na kvalitu života pacientov po obličkovej transplantácii v závislosti od veku Rosenberger J1, Nagyová I2, Madarasová Gecková A2, Roland R1, van Dijk J3, Groothoff JW3 1 Transplantačné oddelenie FNsP, Košice 2 Inštitút humanitných vied, Prírodovedecká fakulta UPJŠ, Košice 3 Ústav sociálnej medicíny, Univerzita v Groningene, Holandsko

Možnosti posúdenia kvality zdravotnej starostlivosti medicínske ukazovatele napr. mortalita väčšinou OBJEKTÍVNE ekonomické ukazovatele napr. cena vs benefit väčšinou OBJEKTÍVNE kvalita života napr. HR-QoL väčšinou SUBJEKTÍVNE

Kvalita života ZDRAVIE ŠŤASTIE RODINNÁ POHODA PRACOVNÉ ÚSPECHY PENIAZE multidimenzionálna konštrukcia definícia je problematická, lebo by mala obsiahnuť zmysel života ZDRAVIE ŠŤASTIE RODINNÁ POHODA PRACOVNÉ ÚSPECHY PENIAZE

Dimenzie kvality života fyzická sociálna ekonomická psychická

Kvalita života v nefrológii mortalita, morbidita, utilizácia zdravotníckych zdrojov a kvalita života patria medzi ukazovatele kvality zdravotníckej starostlivosti kvalita života je prediktorom iných ukazovateľov nefrologických pacientov Valderrábano et al. Quality of life in end-stage renal disease patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2001 Mapes et al. Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality and hospitalization: the dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study (DOPPS). Kidney Int 2003 Philips et al. Quality of life as a predictor of morbidity, mortality, and resource utilisation after solid organ transplant. Transplant Proc 2001 Moreno et al. Increasing the hematocrit has a beneficial effect on quality of life and is safe in selected hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000

HR-QoL: transplantácia obličky vs. dialýza vymiznutie alebo zmiernenie negatívnych symptómov (opuchy, svrbenie) vyššia výkonnosť nezávislosť od stroja a zdravotníckeho personálu pokles obmedzení (čas, pitný režim, diéta) obavy – strach z rejekcie, infekcie a hospitalizácie nežiadúce účinky liekov (bolesti, kozmetické efekty, slabosť)

Náš súbor 128 pacientov po Tx obličky košické a bratislavské transplantcentrum iba pacienti s funkčným štepom priemerný vek – 48,6 ± 12,3 roka 49 žien, 79 mužov medián času od transplantácie – 28 mesiacov medián sérového kreatinínu 137,8 μmol/l

Metodika pacienti vypĺňali dotazník SF-36 z dokumentácie sme vybrali: vek pohlavie typ dialýzy dĺžka trvania dialýzy počet hospitalizácií počas dialýzy počet hospitalizácií po transplantácii čas od transplantácie počet akútnych rejekcií hladina sérového kreatinínu prítomnosť vybraných komorbidít

Štatistika SPSS 10.1 lineárna regresia analýza vplyvu pohlavia, dialyzačných, transplantačných, laboratórnych parametrov a komorbidít na HR-QoL v jednotlivých vekových skupinách na hodnotenie HR-QoL sme použili jednotlivé subškály dotazníka SF-36

Dotazník SF-36 36 otázok, pacient krúžkuje odpovede 8 subškál, 2 sumárne škály physical functioning physical role limitations general health perceptions bodily pain mental health emotional role limitations vitality social functioning PHYSICAL COMPONENT SUMMARY MENTAL COMPONENT SUMMARY

Výsledky – SF-36 priemery pre jednotlivé subškály sú nižšie ako v zdravej populácii (varírujú medzi 59 a 92 %) najviac sú postihnuté fyzické domény fyzický komponent 55,2 ± 20,9 mentálny komponent 60,2 ± 18,5

Prediktory lepšieho fyzického komponentu do 40 r. 40-49 r. 50-59 r. kreatinín ↓ *** ↑ ** diabetes mellitus hospitalizácie na dialýze *

Prediktory lepšieho mentálneho komponentu do 40 r. 40-49 r. 50-59 r. 60 a viac r. kreatinín ↓ * ↑ diabetes mellitus ** hospitalizácie po transplantácii pohlavie ženy

Záver kvalita života pacientov po transplantácii obličky je lepšia ako na dialýze, stále však nedosahuje hodnoty zdravej populácie v skupine mladých pacientov je dobrá funkcia obličky prediktorom dobrej kvality života v skupine starších pacientov sú rozhodujúce iné faktory, a to najmä komorbidity s nutnosťou hospitalizácie a diabetes mellitus

ĎAKUJEM ZA POZORONOSŤ Táto práca bola podporovaná Agentúrou na podporu vedy a techniky prostredníctvom finančnej podpory č. APVT-20-028802