Teacher Name: Ms.Seema Adil Agriculture Lecture Teacher Name: Ms.Seema Adil

Agriculture-System PROCESS INPUT OUTPUT Food grains, cash crops…. etc Ploughing, sowing, harvesting …..etc. INPUT NATURAL HUMAN

Agriculture-Inputs Natural Input Human Input Soil Climate Water Labour Capital Machinery Fertilizers Pesticides

Agriculture-Process Ploughing Sowing Irrigating Fertilizing Pesticiding Harvesting Threshing Packaging

Ploughing / Plowing It is a process in which soil is prepared for sowing seeds It is done with the help of bullocks or a tractor Roots , weeds and other unnecessary things are cleaned in this process

Ploughing

June 2008 Q.1

Sowing Seeds Seeds are both natural or engineered Seeds are sown at certain depth with the help of sowing machines or by human hands Different crops have different sowing methods

SEEDS Soyabean Maize

Fertilizing Fertilizer is soil nutrients Fertilizers are both natural and man made Fertilizers are used to make a crop Healthy (quality) Rich (quantity)

Fertilizing Fertilizers are mostly Urea, Potassium, Phosphorous or Nitrogen compounds Fertilizers are applied after sowing seeds

Irrigation is to supply water to agriculture fields Irrigating Irrigation is to supply water to agriculture fields A Tube Well is shown A Canal A Tube Well

Pesticiding Pesticides Germicides Insecticides Herbicides To kill insects Germicides To kill germs Herbicides To kill weeds

Pesticiding Pesticides are applied to control harmful insects, germs and weeds (small plants) Pesticides must be used in recommended quantity for good result Over use of pesticide creates ‘Salinity’

Harvesting Harvesting is to cut a ready crop Harvesting is done by man power with the help of a sickle A modern machine ‘Harvester’ is also used A ready wheat crop

Threshing Threshing is to separate grains from chuff after harvesting Threshing is done by man or animal power A modern machine ‘Thresher’ is also used

Packaging Packaging is to pack grains in jute or polythene bags / sacks for storage Packaging is done by labourers Packaging is also done by special sewing machines Different Packaging methods are used for different crops A Cotton Bale