GOVERNANCE AND ICT by Puneet Shukla N. R. E. C GOVERNANCE AND ICT by Puneet Shukla N.R.E.C. COLLEGE, KHURJA CCS UNIVERSITY MEERUT

Governance: • Governance is the exercise of economic, political and administrative authority to manage a country’s affair at all levels.

Governance Governance Way govt. works Sharing of information Service delivery

ICT: Information and communication technology (ICT) is another/extensional term for information technology. It stresses unified communications and integrates telecommunication, computers and necessary software. It enables users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information. Governance + ICT = e-Governance http//www.wikipedia.org

e-Governance: It is the use of range of modern Information and Technologies such as Internet, Local Area Networks, mobiles etc by government to improve effectiveness, efficiency, service delivery and to promote democracy. e-Governance is application of ICT for interaction among government, citizens and businesses as well as in internal government operations to simply and improve the governance. The civil and political conduct of government, including service provision, using information and communication technologies.

Introduction: It is a comprehensive program at all levels of the government to improve efficiency, transparency and accountability at the Government-citizen interface It is a Centralized Initiative but Decentralized Implementation Major parameters include: ICT Efficiency Productivity Accessibility Sharing of information Service delivery Welfare

e-Governance helps: Governance e-Governance Bad governance Good governance

e-Governance Targets: business Government service delivery Govt. citizens

Need of e-Governance • Information and regulatory systems (availability and dissemination) • Interaction- Static and Dynamic Information (Citizen to department and vice versa) • Notification • Transaction- Responsive information (Pull- Push strategy Citizen to department and vice versa)

Stages of e-Governance: Government to Citizen (G2C) initiatives Government to Business (G2B) initiatives Government to Government (G2G)

Government to Citizen (G2C) initiatives: Communication link between a government and private individuals or residents. It is through Information Communication Technology (ICT) including direct mail and media campaigns. G2C is at the central, state and regional levels.

Government to Citizen(G2C):Some initiatives Bhoomi Project in Karnataka : Online Delivery of Land Records Gyandoot (Madhya Pradesh) Project FRIENDS (Kerala) (Fast, Reliable, Instant, Efficient Network for the Disbursement of Services) e-Mitra Project (Rajasthan) • eSeva (Andhra Pradesh) Computerisation of Land Records (Department of Land Resources, Government of India)

Government to Business (G2B) initiatives It encompasses all activities of government which influences business organizations. It includes registrations under different statutes, licenses under different laws and exchange of information between government and business. It provides a friendly legal environment for business It expedites various processes It provides relevant information for business

Government to Government(G2G) initiatives: The electronic sharing of data and information systems between government agencies, departments or organizations. The goal of G2G is to support e-Government initiatives by improving communication, data access and data sharing. G2G initiatives help in making the internal government processes more efficient. Many a time G2C and G2B processes necessitate the improvements in G2G processes.

e-Governance Best Practices Increased accountability Increased transparency Availability of public domain information Reduced corruption Increased efficiency due to connectivity

Advantages: Speed Transparency Cost Reduction Accountability

Disadvantages: Inaccessibility of internet. Unreliability of the web information. Vulnerable to cyber attacks Lack of privacy of citizens

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