Overview of EMS and ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Development Course Raleigh, NC July 24, 2001 Beth Graves NC Division of Pollution Prevention and Environmental Assistance Tailor this page to whom you are speaking.

What is ISO? International Organization for Standardization - Not an acronym "ISO" is a word, derived from the Greek isos, meaning "equal.” From "equal" to "standard”-- line of thinking that led to the choice of "ISO" as the organization’s name.

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Worldwide federation of national standards bodies from over 100 countries, one representative from each country. Non-governmental organization (NGO) established in 1947, located in Switzerland. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is US representative to ISO

ISO Organization

History 1987 - World Commission on Env. & Development (WCED) published “Our Common Future” first use of “sustainable development” called for the development of effective env. management systems by industries 1989 - Creation of Strategic Advisory Group on the Environment (SAGE) Recommended that a new ISO Technical Committee (TC) be formed to develop standards for EM January 1993 - ISO creates TC 207 (TC 176 over QMS standards - ISO 9000) Fall 1996 – ISO 14001 adopted Point I usually make here is the use of the word sustainability Depending upon audience, point out the TC 176 is for ISO 9000, TC 207 is for ISO 14000 (whole family of standards) Usually point out the quick time frame for standard development from 1993-1996 TC = Technical committee

Structure of ISO’s TC 207

Sub-Committees of TC 207 SC 1: EMS - UK SC 2: Env. Auditing - Netherlands SC 3: Env. Labeling - Australia SC 4: Env. Performance Evaluation - US SC 5: Life Cycle Assessment - France SC 6: Terms and Definitions - Norway Introduce term “SC” here (told them the term “TC” on the last slide) Way to show the diversity of ISO 14001 family Shows international nature of standards-making process

ISO-related Acronyms US TAG to TC 207, SC’s and WG’s St’s to the TAG NWIP, CD, DIS, and FDIS ISO specification standard/guidance or TR ANSI-RAB and the NAP

ISO 14000 Standards Family Management System standards EMS, auditing, EPE (14030) Product standards LCA (14040), labeling (14020) More acronyms here EPE = environmental performance evaluation LCA = life cycle assessment Slide just meant to again show the family of standards On this slide or the next, I usually point out that 14001 EMS is the only certification standard; the other standards are merely guidance but certainly are tools that can be used to improve environmental performance.

ISO 14000 Family A series of guidance documents and standards to help organizations address environmental issues. 14001: Environmental Management Systems 14004: EMS general guidelines 14010: Guidelines for Environmental Auditing 14011: Guidelines for Auditing of an EMS 14012: Auditing - Qualification criteria 14020: Environmental Labeling 14030: Env. Performance Evaluation (EPE) 14040: Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) I say here that 14004 is guidance on how to implement ISO 14001 10, 11, and 12 relate to auditing of the 14001 standard. I would note here that a new joint auditing standard is currently being developed that will eventually replace 14010, 14011, and 14012. This new standard ISO 19011 is an auditing standard that may be used for both ISO 9000 and ISO 14001.

Environmental Management System (EMS) ISO 14001 is the specification standard that is a model for an environmental management system. ISO 14004 is the guidance for the EMS specification 14001 is the only specification standard in the ISO series.

Becoming ISO 14001 certified Registration body examines EMS for conformity to the ISO 14001 standard Not a compliance audit, an EMS audit Facility awarded registration Does NOT mean that products are more environmentally friendly Does mean have a documented EMS that is fully implemented and consistently followed I typically read this whole slide – very important

Registration Terms “certification” and “registration” are synonymous May self-declare or self-certify Accredited registrars

3rd Party Certification Accreditation Body Accreditation Body Ex. RAB Registrar Ex. Underwriters Laboratory Auditors Ex. John Doe, certifies the EMS of an organization meets requirements of ISO 14001 Registrar Auditors

To Whom Do the Standards Apply? Standard is Voluntary Large and Small Businesses & Industry Service Sectors (hospitals, hotels, etc.) City and County Government Applicable to all types of organizations, of all sizes anywhere in the world

What is an EMS? Systematic way of managing an organization’s environmental affairs Based on Plan-Do-Check-Act Model (PDCA) Focused on Continual Improvement of System Addresses immediate and long-term impact of an organization’s products, services and processes on the environment. A tool to improve environmental performance I introduce the term “PDCA” here I often use the term “activities, products, and services” here and reference the standard’s use of these terms

EMS Focus not only on what but also why Top management priority Dynamic Flexible, simple Employee involvement Endorses continual improvement

EMS Much of an EMS may already be in place Key is to use a systematic approach to planning, controlling and improving environmental efforts Can be a vehicle for positive change

17 Requirements in ISO 14001 Env. Policy 4.2 Document control 4.4.5 Env. Aspects 4.3.1 Operational control 4.4.6 Legal and other req. 4.3.2 Emergency preparedness and response 4.4.7 Obj. and targets 4.3.3 Monitoring and measurement 4.5.1 Env. Mgmt. Program 4.3.4 Corrective/preventive action 4.5.2 Structure and Responsibility 4.4.1 Records 4.5.3 Training, awareness, and competence 4.4.2 EMS audit 4.5.4 Communication 4.4.3 Management Review 4.6 EMS documentation 4.4.4

EMS Model Policy Planning Management Review Implementation Checking Corrective Action

EMS Key Elements Policy Statement/Commitment Identification of Significant Environmental Impacts Development of Objectives and Targets Implementation Plan to Meet Obj. and Targets Checking and Follow-up Training Management Review

Some EMS Models Metal Finishers National Biosolids Partnership Project XL with the United Egg Producers Agriculture EMS models (livestock, soybean) SGIA model Federal facility models (CEMP, DOE guide) Compliance-focused EMS (CFEMS) Commission for Env. Cooperation (CEC guide)

EPA Position published in Federal Register 3/12/98 “Implementation of an EMS has the potential to improve an organization’s environmental performance and compliance with regulatory requirements. EPA supports and will help promote the development and use of EMSs, including those based on the ISO 14001 standard...”

US EPA and EMSs Office of Water funded pilot efforts in 10 states, municipality pilots – 1st project complete; beginning second pilot; new pilot with Biosolids Assoc. Region I Star Track program; Region IX EMS template for metal finishers EMS and Enforcement (CFEMS) EPA “Aiming for Excellence” Report Sept. 99 Performance Track