The Virginia Colony: Jamestown is Settled

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Presentation transcript:

The Virginia Colony: Jamestown is Settled EQ: Where does American history begin?

In 1607, a group of Englishmen sailed from England to the New World and settled in what we today call Virginia.

1st permanent English colony in North America Jamestown 1st permanent English colony in North America The 104 settlers named their new home after the King James

What was the Goal of the Jamestown Settlers? The King granted the Virginia company a charter (document of approval) to settle North America and establish an English colony Jamestown was funded by a Joint-stock company called the Virginia Company

Goal: Make $$$

Issues at Jamestown: Settlers Unwilling to Work Single males Mostly tradesmen and gentlemen Privileged, not used to doing manual labor Many settlers wanted to focus on striking it rich instead of helping build the settlement, grow food, or preparing for winter conditions.

Issues at Jamestown: Poor Location Jamestown was located on the James River in a swampy, mosquito-infested area This led to widespread disease like malaria and dysentery

Issues at Jamestown: Attacks from Native Americans Native American tribes already existed and controlled North America When the Jamestown settlers arrived, they look land that belonged to Natives This caused tension and often led to disagreements and violence Eventually, the settlers were able to get along with the biggest tribe in the region, the Powhatan tribe

Captain John Smith Takes Charge Mandated discipline to colonists “He who will not work, shall not eat” Jamestown became more fortified Convinced the Powhatan tribe to help the colonists Food and farming techniques

Tobacco Introduced to the Virginia Colony Brought to Virginia from the Caribbean by John Rolfe Made the Virginia colonists so much money that it was nicknamed “Brown Gold”

The Expansion of Virginia Tobacco made people so wealthy that more and more people starting coming to Virginia Large farms, called plantations, were formed Eventually, the colony extended from the Chesapeake Bay all the way to the Appalachian Mountains

As Virginia expanded, two major things happened: 1. Growing plantations needed more laborers 2. A system of government needed to be formed to keep law and order

Expansion Leads to a Need for Labor: Indentured Servants Plantation owners encouraged poor Englishmen to come to the Virginia colony They offered to pay for their passage to Virginia in exchange for working for a certain number of years on the plantation

Indentured Servants: Life After Servitude With no money and no home, indentured servants were forced to live on the outskirts of Virginia They often took land from Native Americans who had also been forced to the outskirts of the colony This angered the Natives and they often attacked the former indentured servants

The House of Burgesses 1st representative body of government in the colonies Formed originally to set a price for tobacco Eventually tasked with levying taxes on colonists Only white land-owning men could vote for representatives in the House of Burgesses

Causes of Bacon’s Rebellion Former indentured servants did not technically own land, but were still required to pay taxes In return for paying taxes, many of these men believed the House of Burgesses should protect them from Native American attacks The House of Burgesses, made up of rich plantation owners, refused to use funds to protect the poor frontiersmen

Bacon’s Rebellion Nathaniel Bacon led the poor frontiersmen to fight the Native Americans The group’s success and use of violence worried the rich plantation owners and representatives of the House of Burgesses so they were told to disband The frustrated group then attacked the elite and the Royal Governor

Effects of Bacon’s Rebellion Established the expectation that government should represent and work for all citizens, not just the wealthy A new, easier-to-control workforce became necessary

Expansion Leads to a Need for Labor: Slavery After Bacon’s Rebellion, Virginia plantation owners wanted a form of labor that they could control Slaves were brought from all parts of Africa Spoke many different languages and had different cultures Provided Virginia plantations with cheap, never-ending labor

Slave Contributions to American Culture Okra Watermelon Sweet potatoes Rice Grits Creole language Gullah language “Shotgun” style home Building techniques