MAPS Basic Components

Definition Map = a representation of the Earth’s features drawn on a flat surface

Basic Components of a Map TITLE describes the basics of what the map tells us; usually given in two parts telling where and what (i.e. Canada: Physical)

Basic Components of a Map DIRECTION ARROW usually always showing North, therefore E, S, and W are implied. (direction arrows are not in the atlas because North is always up) BORDER Sets map apart from other information in the text

Basic Components of a Map SCALE a way to measure distance Types of Scales: direct statement written in words (i.e. 1 cm represents 1 km)

Basic Components of a Map representative statement written in numbers as a ratio (i.e. 1:50000) linear scale, shown as a divided line **all scales mean the same thing but are shown in different ways. Changing from one scale to another is called scale conversion.

Basic Components of a Map LEGEND symbols on the map explained on the side. Types of Symbols: point – used to represent small objects (i.e. bridges or buildings).

Basic Components of a Map Line – represent features that appear as lines (i.e. roads or railways). Area – represent large features by colour and shading (i.e. lakes, mountain ranges, or forests). d) Date of Publication * Text Page 21

MAP RULES

Map Rules All labeling on maps should be done in blue or black ink All maps should include the 5 components All maps need a two-part title (where:what) All maps should be neat, accurate, and legible

Map Rules All labeling should be written straight from left to right (exceptions: rivers, physical features) Colouring: Use pencil crayons & make them distinct No dark colours No similar colours next to each other

Map Rules Colours to keep in mind: Blue – water Browns and greens – physical maps Red – roads and cities Light pastel colours – political maps

Types of Maps General-purpose maps provide many types of information on one map. Good for broad understanding. (ex. Atlas, road maps) Thematic Maps – show very specific information on a particular topic of theme for a place. (ex. vegetation, see text pg. 23)

Types of Maps Topographic Maps – use symbols to show a variety of features. Contour lines show changes in elevation and grid system is used for locating places. (see pg. 24) Digital Map – maps in digital form in computer programs, handheld devices, or on the internet. Users can customize the presentation of the data. http://maps.google.ca/