Latin American Revolutions 1800-1825
Why did European colonies in latin America rebel? In a word… Napoleon Cause Napoleon was causing trouble in Europe Effect Countries like Spain and Portugal needed all military personnel in Europe to fight Napoleon. Latin America was left “unguarded”. Latin Americans began to take care of affairs in Latin America After Napoleon was defeated, Latin Americans refused to turn over control to the Europeans. Result Wars of independence in Latin America.
Haiti- Who rebelled? August 1791- 100,000 slaves rise up in revolt Led by Toussaint L’Ouverture
Haiti- Why? Slaves treated brutally by their masters Powerless, even though they make up the majority of the population First black colony to free itself from European control
Spanish south America-background Divided into rigid social classes Peninsulares (people born in Spain) Creoles (people of European descent born in the colonies) Mestizos (mixed European and Indian ancestry) Mulattos (mixed African and European ancestry) Africans Indians
SSA- Who? Creoles Educated in Enlightenment ideas
SSA-Why? Felt that Spain had inflicted injustices on the Creoles and lower classes.
SSA-Outcome Simon Bolivar Helps Venezuela achieve independence by 1821 Jose de San Martin Argentina achieved independence in 1816 Helped free Chile in 1817
Mexico-Who? Revolution led by Indians and Mestizos 1810- Miguel Hidalgo issues the cry for independence Achieve independence in 1821