Winning Independence
Objectives Find out how the Americans won the final battle of the Revolution Learn the terms of the peace treaty with England Explore the reasons that the Americans were victorious Examine the effects of the American Revolution
Focus Question How did the Americans win the war and make peace?
Guerrillas Fighters who work in small bands to make hit-and-run attacks Why guerrillas didn’t follow the “rules”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZdM44rovn6c
Francis Marion Guerrilla: South Carolina, led men silently through the swamps Extremely successful and efficient Won the nickname, “Swamp Fox” Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQZc9ivgN5o
Loyalists Attacks Roamed backcountry Burned Patriot farms - killed men, women, and children
Victory at Cowpens General Nathanael Greene - took over Continental Army in the South Split army in two: General Daniel Morgan took control of the west Won a clear victory at Cowpens Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUkFj5FYdy4
TRAITOR! Benedict Arnold Traitor: a person who betrays his or her country or cause and helps the other side Was a Patriot, but felt undervalued by Congress Staged a series of destructive raids in Virginia with his Loyalist soldiers Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBY43h61SNI
British Commander: Lord Charles Cornwallis British general who won more battles than he lost but surrendered at Yorktown, ending the war He was placed in command of the southern British forces
Final Battle - Yorktown Cornwallis made a FATAL mistake – found himself trapped on the Yorktown peninsula Surrendering to Washington: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O8Xs4T1bREg
Treaty of Paris Britain recognized the independence of the United States Boundaries of new nation set: Atlantic in the east, Canada north, Mississippi River west, and Florida south (Florida was owned by Spain) The war was over!
Impact of the Revolution Immediate effect: to create a new nation of 13 independent states 1789, French citizens rebelled – looked at the American example Also inspired movements in Latin America
Did you pay attention? Focus Question: How did the Americans win the war and make peace?